Abstract:Background: Many historical buildings in Iran need to be protected. In many of these buildings, wood is used as a structural element in features such as beam, pile, roof and floor systems. For this purpose, the architectural features of a historical building located in Gorgan (Northern part of Iran) and characterisation of faults, in addition to identification of wood species were conducted. Stress wave nondestructive testing (NDT) was used and wave speed (WS) was measured in tested members to evaluate the dec… Show more
“…Algunas partes de la estructura son afectadas por la humedad, fallas y descomposiciones provenientes de las cargas extensas que llegan a la desolación en las áreas donde existe nudos y grietas (Madhoushi, Ebrahimi, & Omidvar, 2021). En los edificios también existe elasticidad no lineal donde se puede observar deformaciones, grietas, dislocaciones en la estructura, lo cual una de las formas ideales para realizar el monitoreo de la salud estructural en los edificios en su evolución es predecir el daño en el transcurso de los años y así tomar decisiones para la prevención (Astorga, Guéguen, & Kashima, 2017), las estructuras no lineales en edificios sobre SHM en tiempo real usan dinámica rápida y técnica de algoritmos que determine los valores de la rigidez y el amortiguamiento del modelo no lineal de 2.59% y el suelo del terreno en 2.76% dentro del tiempo establecido, el SHM brinda un buen potencial con respeto al servicio de la estructura y la seguridad (Nayyerloo, Geoffrey Chase, & Mohammad Rabiepour, 2020).…”
Section: 1salud Y Seguridad Estructuralunclassified
In the science of monitoring and health maintenance have facilitated damage and defects in buildings by expanding technology through the use of wireless sensors, 3D model, among others, visualize and document results that have encouraged researchers to use powerful tools such as BIM technology, aiming to gain importance due to driving tools that are widely used in the architecture, engineering and construction sector, due to the combination of the results of structural health monitoring (SHM). Eighty articles indexed in Scopus, Ebsco, Scielo and Science Direct databases were reviewed, from the years 2016 - 2021, the following keywords were used to search for information: structural health and BIM technology, Structural Health in building and Bim, Properties of recycled concrete, Health and buildings, Building and BIM technology, Structural health in buildings, structural health of buildings through BIM. Subject area filters were used such as: Engineering, Engineering and Building. Concluding that the union of BIM and SHM technology is the support to establish the situation of the structure, specifying the range of the structural damage and estimating the duration of the structure.
“…Algunas partes de la estructura son afectadas por la humedad, fallas y descomposiciones provenientes de las cargas extensas que llegan a la desolación en las áreas donde existe nudos y grietas (Madhoushi, Ebrahimi, & Omidvar, 2021). En los edificios también existe elasticidad no lineal donde se puede observar deformaciones, grietas, dislocaciones en la estructura, lo cual una de las formas ideales para realizar el monitoreo de la salud estructural en los edificios en su evolución es predecir el daño en el transcurso de los años y así tomar decisiones para la prevención (Astorga, Guéguen, & Kashima, 2017), las estructuras no lineales en edificios sobre SHM en tiempo real usan dinámica rápida y técnica de algoritmos que determine los valores de la rigidez y el amortiguamiento del modelo no lineal de 2.59% y el suelo del terreno en 2.76% dentro del tiempo establecido, el SHM brinda un buen potencial con respeto al servicio de la estructura y la seguridad (Nayyerloo, Geoffrey Chase, & Mohammad Rabiepour, 2020).…”
Section: 1salud Y Seguridad Estructuralunclassified
In the science of monitoring and health maintenance have facilitated damage and defects in buildings by expanding technology through the use of wireless sensors, 3D model, among others, visualize and document results that have encouraged researchers to use powerful tools such as BIM technology, aiming to gain importance due to driving tools that are widely used in the architecture, engineering and construction sector, due to the combination of the results of structural health monitoring (SHM). Eighty articles indexed in Scopus, Ebsco, Scielo and Science Direct databases were reviewed, from the years 2016 - 2021, the following keywords were used to search for information: structural health and BIM technology, Structural Health in building and Bim, Properties of recycled concrete, Health and buildings, Building and BIM technology, Structural health in buildings, structural health of buildings through BIM. Subject area filters were used such as: Engineering, Engineering and Building. Concluding that the union of BIM and SHM technology is the support to establish the situation of the structure, specifying the range of the structural damage and estimating the duration of the structure.
“…Internal defects such as knots, hollows, and decay can reduce the utilization rate of logs and harm the health of trees and wooden buildings [1,2]. These defects are difficult to detect because they are located inside the wood, so it is important to conduct nondestructive or semi-destructive testing and the imaging of internal defects in the wood [3,4].…”
Stress wave tomography technology uses instruments to collect stress wave velocity data via sensors, visualizes those velocity data, and reconstructs an image of internal defects using estimated velocity distribution. This technology can be used to detect the size, position, and shape of internal defects in hardwood, and it has increasingly attracted the attention of researchers. In order to obtain enough stress wave signals, 12 sensors are usually equidistantly positioned around the cross-section of trunks like a clock. Although this strategy is reasonable and convenient, it is obviously not the optimal signal acquisition strategy for all defects. In this paper, a novel sensor position’s optimization method for high-quality stress wave tomography is proposed. The relationship between the shape of defects and the planar distribution of sensors is established by taking the ray penetration ratio and degree of equidistant distribution of sensors as indicators. Through the construction of the fitness function and optimization conditions, the optimal strategy for the planar distribution of sensors was determined using the Genetic Algorithm. Seven samples containing simulated defects and real tree trunks were used to test the proposed algorithm, and the comparison results show that the image of internal defects in hardwood can be reconstructed with high accuracy after optimizing the sensor positions.
“…The primary factors influencing weathering are solar radiation and water (Hon and Shiraishi 2001;Teacà et al 2013), although temperature, dust particles, acid rain, and air flow also contribute to surface degradation (William 2005;Reinprecht 2008). Various research studies have been conducted globally on the biotic and abiotic degradation of historical wooden buildings (Matsuo et al 2009;Irbe et al 2012;Macchioni et al 2012;Palanti et al 2012;Piotrowska et al 2014;Diodato et al 2015;Pizzo et al 2016;Madhoushi et al 2021;Wang et al 2021;Yang et al 2023;Mi et al 2023;Dong et al 2023). However, despite the widespread prevalence of historical wooden architecture in Türkiye, the quantity of such studies is still limited.…”
This study identified the wood species and evaluated the weathering and biological degradation of historical timber from a traditional Turkish house in Konuralp, Türkiye. The wood material was obtained from the floorboards, window frames, cabinets, cripple studs, ceiling boards, and joists. The species were identified as Pinus spp. for the cabinet, window frame, and cripple stud, Abies spp. for the floorboards, Populus spp. for the ceiling boards, and Quercus spp. for the joist. The macroscopic observation revealed multiple types of degradation caused by weathering, fungi, and insect attacks. The cripple studs made of pine and the floorboards made of fir had become completely unusable due to insect damage. Relatively less biological damage was observed on the cabinet made of pine wood and the ceiling boards made of poplar wood.
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