Structural Fire Engineering of Building Assemblies and Frames

Franssen, Jean‐Marc; Iwankiw, Nestor

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2565-0_52

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…2 The fire behaviour of building assemblies is very complex, involving coupled thermal and mechanical processes. 3,4 Because of the complexity, many studies on common building materials (eg, stone wool and gypsum) have been mainly focused on predicting the insulation capability and temperature distribution through the cross section of materials. [5][6][7] The heat transfer theory is well established and commonly used for this purpose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainties in modelling heat transfer in fire resistance tests: A case study of stone wool sandwich panels

et al. 2017

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Summary Modelling fire performance of building fire barriers would allow optimising the design solutions before performing costly fire resistance tests and promote performance‐based fire safety engineering. Numerical heat conduction analysis is widely used for predicting the insulation capability of fire barriers. Heat conduction analysis uses material properties and boundary condition parameters as the input. The uncertainties in these input parameters result in a wide range of possible model outcomes. In this study, the output sensitivity of a heat conduction model to the uncertainties in the input parameters was investigated. The methodology was applied to stone wool core sandwich panels subjected to the ISO 834 standard fire resistance temperature/time curve. Realistic input parameter value distributions were applied based on material property measurements at site and data available in literature. A Monte Carlo approach and a functional analysis were used to analyse the results. Overall, the model is more sensitive to the boundary conditions than to the material thermal properties. Nevertheless, thermal conductivity can be identified as the most important individual input parameter.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainties in modelling heat transfer in fire resistance tests: A case study of stone wool sandwich panels

et al. 2017

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“…This problem was discussed in depth in Franssen and Iwankiw. 21 Many efforts were taken to design different parametric thermal exposure conditions that would better represent the compartment fire dynamics, which are summarised in SFPE. 22 An interesting approach that attempts to include the fire dynamics in the design of the fire scenarios for the structural design of large compartments is the travelling fire framework.…”

Section: Some Recognised Issues With the Standard Fire Exposure Conmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second problem with the standard thermal exposure is the unrealistic representation of the phases of fire (growth, flashover, and decay) in the temperature‐time relation. This problem was discussed in depth in Franssen and Iwankiw . Many efforts were taken to design different parametric thermal exposure conditions that would better represent the compartment fire dynamics, which are summarised in SFPE .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The discrepancies in energy balance in furnace testing, a bug or a feature?

2019

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Summary The paper aims to explain the differences found in the heat release rate measurements in a large sample of standard fire tests (EN 1363‐1). A total of 379 tests of vertical assemblies was investigated, all performed in furnace SPARK of the ITB Fire Testing Laboratory, in 2015‐2018. The assemblies were subdivided into two groups—wall assemblies and fire‐rated doors. These assemblies were also compared with the results of the test of a wall built with aerated autoclaved concrete blocks that was considered as the benchmark test. It was observed that walls built with highly insulated sandwich panels require less heat to maintain standard thermal exposure conditions (20%‐30% less) than their counterparts built from gypsum plasterboard or aluminium and fire‐rated glass. In case of doors, it was observed that combustible samples required significantly less heat than the benchmark case (40%‐70% less), which indicates that the combustion of the sample inside of the furnace was an additional, significant source of heat release, that may skew the qualitative assessment of their performance in fire. A more in‐depth discussion of the results is provided, with some ideas on the direction of further developments in fire testing.

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“…As far as the composite structure is concerned, the membrane behaviour can develop in case of fire, even when some beams are unprotected (Franssen and Iwankiw, 2016; Vassart and Zhao, 2013; Bailey and Moore, 2000; Bailey, 2002).…”

Section: Performance-based Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced analyses of the membrane action of composite slabs under natural fire scenarios

Lelli¹,

Loutan²

2017

JSFE

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Purpose This paper aims to detail the advanced natural fire simulations that were carried out for the composite steel-reinforced concrete structure of the JTI Building in Geneva, Switzerland. The results of these analyses led to a significant reduction of in the fireproofing of the steel floor framing. Design/methodology/approach Several scenarios were studied considering different thermal behaviours of the peripheral cladding. Despite the small thickness of the resisting slabs, the analyses performed with SAFIR software showed that the typical wide storey bay (12 × 15.86 m) can resist to the design’s fire temperatures without the protection of the main and secondary beams while the spandrels remain protected. For study completeness, the composite frame-membrane model was also simulated with Hasemi-localized fire routines on SAFIR. Findings The analyses have showed that the membrane behaviour of composite slabs under fire allows a significant reduction of the fire protection, even in case of small thickness of the concrete topping. The increase of the reinforcement ratio to sustain the membrane forces is widely compensated by the savings related to the fireproofing of the steel framing. Practical/implications A natural fire approach is particularly advisable in case of fully glazed buildings. In fact when the façade collapses, the entry of a large cold air quantity limits the increase of the gas temperature inside the compartment. Originality/value The analyses were carried out with recent SAFIR routines for localized fires (Hasemi fire model) and represent one of the first applications in practice. The issue of the rebar orientation in mesh is raised out. The latest SAFIR release allows the definition of a global orientation of the rebars and amends the issue.

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Structural Fire Engineering of Building Assemblies and Frames

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Uncertainties in modelling heat transfer in fire resistance tests: A case study of stone wool sandwich panels

Uncertainties in modelling heat transfer in fire resistance tests: A case study of stone wool sandwich panels

The discrepancies in energy balance in furnace testing, a bug or a feature?

Advanced analyses of the membrane action of composite slabs under natural fire scenarios

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