“…An intermediate case is nanostructuring, i.e., ordering of oxygen vacancies inside nanosized domains where the defects which are excess with respect to domain structure (oxygen interstitials, vacancies) are ejected to the vicinity of the domain boundaries, where they have higher mobility [4,5]. This phenomenon has been recognized previously as microdomain texture or microtwinning [6][7][8][9]. For materials in which high oxygen transport characteristics are required (oxygen-permeable membranes, electrodes for SOFCs), nanostructuring may play the key role because it is accompanied by the formation of the high concentration of interfaces (domain, antiphase, and twin boundaries) that can be the channels of enhanced diffusion with lower activation barriers [5,10].…”