Structural evolution of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes: From synthesis and oxidation to thermal defunctionalization

Arkhipova, Ekaterina A.; Иванов, А. С.; Strokova, N. E.; Chernyak, S. A.; Shumyantsev, A. V.; Maslakov, K. I.; Savilov, S. V.; Лунин, В. В.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2017.09.013

Cited by 58 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…It is worth mentioning that the defects resulting from the surface‐bound functional groups do not contribute to the D band . Therefore, its high intensity in the spectrum of the CC‐AC sample presumably originates from the development of a nanoporous surface, consequently increasing the edge atom content …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐Step Activated Carbon Cloth with Oxygen‐Rich Functional Groups as a High‐Performance Additive‐Free Air Electrode for Flexible Zinc–Air Batteries

Kordek

Jiang

Fan

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

194

155

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A flexible air electrode (FAE) with both high oxygen electrocatalytic activity and excellent flexibility is the key to the performance of various flexible devices, such as Zn-air batteries. A facile two-step method, mild acid oxidation followed by air calcination that directly activates commercial carbon cloth (CC) to generate uniform nanoporous and super hydrophilic surface structures with optimized oxygen-rich functional groups and an enhanced surface area, is presented here. Impressively, this two-step activated CC (CC-AC) exhibits superior oxygen electrocatalytic activity and durability, outperforming the oxygen-doped carbon materials reported to date. Especially, CC-AC delivers an oxygen evolution reaction (OER) overpotential of 360 mV at 10 mA cm −2 in 1 m KOH, which is among the best performances of metal-free OER electrocatalysts. The practical application of CC-AC is presented via its use as an FAE in a flexible rechargeable Zn-air battery. The bendable battery achieves a high open circuit voltage of 1.37 V, a remarkable peak power density of 52.3 mW cm −3 at 77.5 mA cm −3 , good cycling performance with a small chargedischarge voltage gap of 0.98 V and high flexibility. This study provides a new approach to the design and construction of high-performance selfsupported metal-free electrodes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐Step Activated Carbon Cloth with Oxygen‐Rich Functional Groups as a High‐Performance Additive‐Free Air Electrode for Flexible Zinc–Air Batteries

Kordek

Jiang

Fan

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

194

155

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“…The remarkable N 1s peak was also observed for CN x @Ru/MWCNTs, which also confirmed the existence of t‐CN x layer. The N 1s spectra of CN x @Ru/MWCNTs can be deconvoluted into four peaks including pyridinic N, pyrrolic N, graphitic N and N‐oxyde (Figure S7) …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The N 1s spectra of CN x @Ru/MWCNTs can be deconvoluted into four peaks including pyridinic N, pyrrolic N, graphitic N and N-oxyde ( Figure S7). [45] The electrocatalytic activity of the Ru/MWCNTs, CN x @Ru/ MWCNTs, Ru/C and 20 wt% Pt/C benchmark catalysts for HER was examined in alkaline aqueous electrolyte (1.0 M KOH), where the graphite rod and Ag/AgCl electrodes were used as the counter electrode and reference electrode, respectively. The polarization curves (Figure 3a) and Tafel plots ( Figure 3b) of various catalysts with iR correction were recorded at a voltage sweeping rate of 10 mV s À 1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Downshifted d‐Band Center of Ru/MWCNTs by Turbostratic Carbon Nitride for Efficient and Robust Hydrogen Evolution in Alkali

Gou

Gao

et al. 2019

ChemCatChem

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Ru, unlike Pt, is seldom considered as the effective electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to the strong binding of hydrogen species on metal surface as well as the serious metal bleaching. Herein, the amorphous turbostratic‐phased carbon nitride (t‐CNx) layer was utilized to downshift the d‐band center of the Ru/multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (Ru/MWCNTs) hybrids to achieve the optimized hydrogen species adsorption for subsequent efficient and stabilized hydrogen evolution in alkali. The catalysts with a low Ru loading of 8 wt % presented the high HER activity with a low overpotential of 39 mV for a catalytic current density of 10 mA cm−2, a small Tafel slope of 28 mV dec−1 and a stabilized catalytic performance over a period of 14 h in 1.0 M KOH, outperforming the 20 wt % Pt/C benchmarks. The thin t‐CNx layer play dual roles: (1) as the modulator of electronic structures for Ru with lower d‐band position for the enhanced activity and (2) as the protective layer to avoid the metal aggregation/bleaching and improve the catalytic stability of the hybrid catalysts subsequently.

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“…The different curvatures on the edges of the graphene planes reduce the aggregation of GNF particles and thus improve the access of electrolyte ions to the inner surface of pores during charge accumulation. In contrast to carbon nanotubes, the doping of which with nitrogen atoms is usually accompanied by numerous constrictions inside their channels, incorporation of nitrogen doesn't change morphology of GNFs [13,14].…”

Section: Electrochemical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Nitrogen Heterosubstitution in Graphene Nanoflakes: An Effective Approach to Improving Performance of Supercapacitors with Ionic Liquid Electrolyte

Arkhipova

Иванов

Маслаков

et al. 2021

Russ. J. Phys. Chem.

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Nitrogen-doped graphene nanoflakes with a high nitrogen content (6.6 at %) and developed mesoporosity were synthesized via pyridine pyrolysis. They were tested in a supercapacitor with a non-aqueous electrolyte: a 1.2 M solution of ionic liquid Et4N+TFSI− in acetonitrile. It was found that incorporation of nitrogen into the graphene layers nearly tripled the specific capacitance of the electrode, compared to the undoped nanoflakes.

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Structural evolution of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes: From synthesis and oxidation to thermal defunctionalization

Cited by 58 publications

References 62 publications

Two‐Step Activated Carbon Cloth with Oxygen‐Rich Functional Groups as a High‐Performance Additive‐Free Air Electrode for Flexible Zinc–Air Batteries

Two‐Step Activated Carbon Cloth with Oxygen‐Rich Functional Groups as a High‐Performance Additive‐Free Air Electrode for Flexible Zinc–Air Batteries

Downshifted d‐Band Center of Ru/MWCNTs by Turbostratic Carbon Nitride for Efficient and Robust Hydrogen Evolution in Alkali

Nitrogen Heterosubstitution in Graphene Nanoflakes: An Effective Approach to Improving Performance of Supercapacitors with Ionic Liquid Electrolyte

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