Structural evolution of CL-20/DNB cocrystals at high temperature: Phase transition and kinetics of thermal decomposition

Temperature-dependent decomposition of the CL-20/MTNP cocrystal after phase separation

“…Because the heterogeneous decomposition after phase separation is common thermal behavior for a CL-20-based cocrystal having a melting point, such as CL-20/DNB and CL-20/TNT, 43,44 we believed that this temperature-dependent decomposition mechanism is also applicable to other CL-20-based cocrystals having a melting point. Actually, the CL-20/TNT presented two exothermic peaks when it decomposed at low temperature, 44 while only one exothermic peak was observed during high temperature decomposition.…”

High energy explosive with low sensitivity: a new energetic cocrystal based on CL-20 and BMDNP

“…13–15 But its high mechanical sensitivity (IS = 2.5 J, FS = 94 N) is the biggest obstacle to its widespread use. 16 The emergence of cocrystal technology provides a new way for the application of CL-20, and CL-20-based cocrystals are also some of the most intensively and widely studied energetic cocrystal explosives, such as CL-20 and TNT, 17 HMX, 18 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB), 19,20 3,4-dinitropyridine (DNP), 21 1,3-dinitrobenzene (DNB) 22 and other cocrystal explosives. The successful preparation of these cocrystals shows that the method of crystallization can effectively change the density of existing explosives, melting point, thermal stability, detonation velocity, detonation pressure and other physicochemical properties, and safety.…”

The structural evolution of CL-20-based energetic host–guest solvates at decomposition temperature according to the perceptions of THz spectroscopy

“…Because of the complicated polymorphisms of crystal explosives under different environmental conditions, notably different performances result that mainly depend on the transformation of the microstructure and arrangement of the explosive. [1][2][3][4][5][6] For example, CL-20 (Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane, HNIW) is the most well-known high-performance explosive, and it has been widely used in military, astronautic and industrial fields. CL-20 has been separated into four polymorphisms (α, β, ε, and γ) that are stable at normal temperatures and pressures and are based on the difference in the initial orientation of the nitro group in the molecule and lattice packing.…”