Structural Equation Modelling to Assess the Influencing Factors of Newly Employed Nurses’ Adaptation in Malaysia

Abstract

Objective The transition phase is a common custom experienced by graduate nurses, who are required to adapt quickly to their new workplace as it is a prerequisite for a successful transition. However, workplace adaptation is very challenging and may affect nurses’ future career prospects if not managed properly. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the factors that facilitate newly employed nurses’ adaptation and integration at Ministry of Health (MOH)-run state hospitals in Malaysia. The study framework was derived and adapted from the Roy adaptation model (RAM) and organisational socialisation theories. Design This quantitative study was conducted from May 2021 to December 2021. Setting The sample population was newly employed nurses working at state hospitals with 1–2 years of service experience. Participants A total of 496 newly hired nurses from MOH state hospitals participated in this study. The data was analysed using covariance-based structural equation modelling and IBM SPSS Amos 24. Results The participants perceived that workplace organisation (OC), academic institution contribution (AIC), and new nurse’s personality traits (PT) contributed approximately 36% to newly employed nurses’ adaptation (NENA). PT partially mediated the relationship between OC and NENA and between AIC and NENA. Conclusions The findings could be useful to nursing authorities. Additionally, it is also recommended that a nurse’s personality be developed, emphasised, and enhanced through continuous programmes or training to ensure that they can easily adapt to their new working environment. Moreover, academic institutions and work organisations should be encouraged to collaborate to develop improvement cycles that facilitate newly employed nurses’ prompt and efficient adaptation at MOH hospitals during transition.