Structural, electrical and optical properties of indium chloride doped ZnO films synthesized by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis technique

Zaleta-Alejandre, E.; Camargo-Martínez, J. A.; Ramirez-Garibo, A.; Pérez-Arrieta, M. L.; Balderas‐Xicohténcatl, Rafael; Rivera‐Alvarez, Z.; Aguilar-Frutis, M.; Falcony, C.

doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2012.09.050

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In this work, we have employed the Scherrer method [26], which is considered as a standard method. The Scherrer equation is depicted here in the equation:…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SP methods offer the opportunity to precisely control the structural, optical, and electronic properties of nanomaterials, since the stoichiometry of the chemical precursors is governed by chemical reactions [19,20]. Moreover, aerosol processes have the potential to replace primordial costly and problematical solid state techniques for fabrication of ZnO nanostructures like the derivatives of chemical vapour deposition techniques such as plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and to eliminate costly and sophisticated solid state techniques like evaporation plasma [21], anodization [22,23], spin on methods [24][25][26], sputtering [15], ion assisted deposition [27], reactive ion plating [28], laser ablation [29], filtered arc deposition [30], and atomic layer epitaxy [31]. These techniques have numerous disadvantages that limit their application on industrial scale, such as high vacuum pressure chambers requirements and high thermal processing budgets, which increase the cost of production of ZnO nanostructures and in turn increase the overall cost of production of solar cell devices with ZnO nanostructures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Carbon Modification on the Morphological, Structural, and Optical Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Pneumatic Spray Pyrolysis Technique

Taziwa

Meyer

Katwire

et al. 2017

Journal of Nanomaterials

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This paper reveals the influence of doping on the morphological, structural, and optical properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized by pneumatic spray pyrolysis technique (PSP), using zinc ethoxide ZnO2CH32 as the precursor. The prepared samples were characterized by XRD, HRTEM, SEM-EDX, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and RS. RS analysis has revealed that the unmodified ZnO and carbon modified ZnO samples have characteristic Raman optic modes at 325 cm−1, 373 cm−1, and 432 cm−1 belonging to Wurtzite ZnO structure. The XRD ZnO (C:ZnO) NPS have characteristic peaks of hexagonal Wurtzite ZnO structure. HRTEM analysis has revealed that the synthesized ZnO NPs have particle size range of 8.8–11.82 nm. EDX spectra of both unmodified and modified ZnO nanoparticles have revealed prominent peaks at 0.51 keV, 1.01 keV, 1.49 keV, 8.87 keV, and 9.86 keV. The occurrence of these peaks in the EDX spectra endorses the existence of Zn and O atoms in the PSP synthesized ZnO NPs. The UV-Vis spectroscopy has revealed a red shift of the absorption edge, with the increase in C dopant level. The effect of nanocrystallite size and the gradual prominence of C into ZnO matrix due to increase in C dopant level in the PSP synthesized ZnO NPs was meticulously elaborated through Raman spectroscopy analysis.

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“…In this work, we have employed the Scherrer method [26], which is considered as a standard method. The Scherrer equation is depicted here in the equation:…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Carbon Modification on the Morphological, Structural, and Optical Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Pneumatic Spray Pyrolysis Technique

Taziwa

Meyer

Katwire

et al. 2017

Journal of Nanomaterials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…X cm [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. In these films, the In-dopant concentration was less than 4 at.%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…This can pose a danger, as aerosols and vapors produced in the spraying process can be taken up via inhalation. Zaleta-Alejandre et al [7] showed that it is possible to replace these chemicals with water as main solvent, making the solution more inexpensive and environment friendly. In their approach, a mixture of water and acetic acid (HAc) was used, obtaining a minimum resistivity of 8 9 10 -3 X cm, at elevated substrate temperature of 450°C.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly transparent and conductive indium-doped zinc oxide films deposited at low substrate temperature by spray pyrolysis from water-based solutions

et al. 2017

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In this paper, indium-doped zinc oxide (IZO) films were grown by spray pyrolysis, using zinc acetate and indium acetylacetonate precursors. The focus was on developing a solution recipe based on water as solvent, with only minor acetic acid content, as well as keeping the substrate temperature as low as possible-at 360°C. The process is therefore environment friendly and energy efficient. Despite the challenging conditions, the resulting IZO films were highly transparent and conductive. Their texture deviates strongly from the (002) texture of ZnO and depends on the indium content, which also influences the resistivity. The latter attains its minimum for an indium concentration of 4 at.% in the solution and decreases for increasing film thickness, reaching the value of (5.0 ± 0.1) 9 10 -3 X cm, mainly due to the increase in carrier mobility. The stability of the resistivity after high dose of UV irradiation was found to increase with the carrier density and the film thickness. Thick, highly doped films show minimal resistivity modification even after a total dose of 12.1 kJ/cm 2 UVA/ UVB irradiation. Finally, to demonstrate its applicability in devices, the IZO electrode was used for the fabrication of a lead-perovskite absorber solar cell, yielding an energy conversion efficiency of 6% and 910 mV open-circuit voltage.

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“…There are several methods that have been used for the preparation of ZnO NPs which include physical methods and wet chemistry to solid-phase systems. However, the physical and chemical methods such as evaporation plasma [10], anodization [11,12], spin on methods [13,14], sputtering [15], ion-assisted deposition [16], reactive ion plating [17], laser ablation [18], filtered arc deposition [19] and atomic layer epitaxy [20] employed for the preparation of ZnO NPs in previous articles have been reported to require very expensive equipments, complex process controls and stringent reaction conditions. Additionally, these methods are responsible for the host of many problems such as generation of hazardous by-products, the use of toxic and flammable solvents, difficult controlling of morphology, very substrate dependent and require high vacuum temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis of Carbon-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles for Solar Cell Application

Ntozakhe¹,

Taziwa²

2019

Zinc Oxide Based Nano Materials and Devices

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It is very important to find new methods for improving the properties of nanostructured materials that can be used to replace the highly expensive and complicated techniques of fabricating ZnO nano-powders for solar cell applications. Pneumatic spray pyrolysis method offers a relatively inexpensive way of fabricating ZnO nanomaterials of controllable morphology, good crystallinity and uniform size distribution, which makes it a good candidate for the production of ZnO nanoparticles. Additionally, it has the advantage of producing ZnO NPs in one step directly on the substrate without the need for other wet chemistry processes like purification, drying and calcination. To that end, the present study emphasizes more on the design and optimization of spray pyrolysis system as well as on the pneumatic spray pyrolysis conditions for the production of carbon-doped ZnO nanoparticles. The un-doped and carbon-doped ZnO NPs were prepared using pneumatic spray pyrolysis employing zinc acetate as a precursor solution and tetrabutylammonium as a dopant. The fabricated un-doped and C-ZnO NPs were characterized for their morphological, structural and optical properties using SEMEDX, XRD and DRS. SEM analysis has revealed that the fabricated un-doped and C-ZnO NPs have spherical shape with mesoporous morphology. The crosssectional SEM has also revealed that the film thickness changes with increasing dopant concentration from 0.31 to 0.41 μm at higher concentrations. Moreover, the EDX spectra have confirmed the presence of Zn and O atoms in the PSPsynthesized ZnO NPs. XRD analysis of both un-doped and C-ZnO has revealed the peaks belonging to hexagonal Wurtzite structure of ZnO. Additionally, the DRS has revealed a decrease in energy band gap of the synthesized ZnO NPs, with the increase in carbon dopant level.

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Structural, electrical and optical properties of indium chloride doped ZnO films synthesized by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis technique

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Influence of Carbon Modification on the Morphological, Structural, and Optical Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Pneumatic Spray Pyrolysis Technique

Influence of Carbon Modification on the Morphological, Structural, and Optical Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Pneumatic Spray Pyrolysis Technique

Highly transparent and conductive indium-doped zinc oxide films deposited at low substrate temperature by spray pyrolysis from water-based solutions

Pyrolysis of Carbon-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles for Solar Cell Application

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