Structural Effects of Crumpled Graphene and Recent Developments in Comprehensive Sensor Applications: A Review

Abstract

Graphene is a 2D honeycomb lattice consisting of a single layer of carbon atoms. Graphene has become one of the most preferred materials for sensor development due to its exceptional electrical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics. Nonetheless, little consideration is given to the production and use of crumpled graphene. Specifically, the crumpled graphene structure is a good choice for enhancing sensors’ sensitivity and structural deformability by reducing interfacial stress, avoiding electrical failure, and enhancing surface areas. This review article provides an overview of various synthesis processes using crumpled graphene and specifies a brief idea to control crumpled formation in graphene structure for sensing applications in recent years. Furthermore, it summarizes the problems encountered in previously published research articles during the fabrication and performance of sensors with a brief discussion of fundamental mechanics and topological aspects concerning crumpling patterns with sensing performance. It also highlights the current status of crumpling techniques and their effects on developing different sensors using existing crumpling methods, controlled crumpling designs, and sensing methodologies for future applications.

Deformed graphene FET biosensor on textured glass coupled with dielectrophoretic trapping for ultrasensitive detection of GFAP

“…However, the Dirac point is right shifted in deformed graphene which may be attributed to the possibility of additional p-type dopants being generated in rGO due to deformation. The on-off ratio of the deformed rGO platform is of the same order as that of previous reports [10][11][12][13] and device to device variation is within 4% which indicates, that the proposed method results in reliable fabrication without reduction in transconductance. For flat and deformed graphene samples, a voltage range of +0.1 to +0.5 V has been set as V GS , in order to suppress the possibility of gate leakage current.…”

“…Researchers have documented studies on the generation of ripples, wrinkles, crumples or folds on graphene sheets and the potential use of such corrogations. Owing to their budding uses in sensors, energy storage devices and capacitors, developing graphene crumple structures is one of the current topics in cutting-edge materials [10]. Deformed/crumpled graphene has been recently deployed for various biomolecule detection like DNA, COVID-19 spike proteins and immunity markers like IL-6 [11][12][13].…”

Footsteps of graphene filled polymer nanocomposites towards efficient membranes—Present and future

“…This graphene derivative has a graphene nanosheet structure with carboxylic, hydroxyl, carbonyl, or other oxygen-containing surface groups [37]. Graphene and graphene oxide have been employed to form nanocomposite materials [38]. Graphene nanocomposites have been studied for their high electron conductivity, thermal and chemical stability, and physical properties [39].…”

High-Performance Graphene Flexible Sensors for Pulse Monitoring and Human–Machine Interaction

“…Based on their unique features, graphene has been widely exploited for infrared detection, 26,27 chips, 28 new energy batteries, and sensors. 29,30 For instance, Zeng et al 22 prepared an aerogel sensor with ultrahigh sensitivity and excellent cycle durability through simple freeze-drying and annealing. This graphene sensor has been successfully used for human motion detection and has great potential to become a wearable sensing device.…”