Structural Diversity, LC-MS-MS Analysis and Potential Biological Activities of Brevibacillus laterosporus Extract

Abstract

Lake Mariout is Egypt’s degraded coastal marine habitat that encompasses a variety of wastes. The biodiversity and hard environmental conditions allow the co-existence of organisms with high resistance and rich metabolism, making them potential candidates for screening and isolating novel microbial strains. A bacterial isolate (BF202) cultured from the marine sediments of Alexandria’s Mariout Lake (Egypt) was tested for its antimicrobial and anticancer potential. The phylogenetic analysis of the isolated strain’s 16S rDNA and gyrB revealed that BF202 belongs to Brevibacillus laterosporus (B. laterosporus). Antibiosis of B. laterosporus was confirmed against microbial pathogens including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus. The highest antibacterial activity was detected on glucose peptone medium after 18 h of incubation at 35 °C, and at pH of 7.0 in the presence of mannose and ammonium carbonate as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The cytotoxicity of the methanolic extract against breast cancer (MCF-7) and normal Vero cell lines, using the MTT test, revealed IC50 values of 7.93 and 23.79 µg/mL, respectively. To identify apoptotic and necrotic cells, a flow cytometric analysis using annexin V-FITC/PI dual-labeling was utilized and recorded a higher number of necrotic cells compared to apoptotic ones. Similarly, the cell cycle S-phase arrest was reported. The LC-MS-MS investigation of B. laterosporus extract and the molecular networking database analysis demonstrated five strategic diketopiperazine compounds with antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Taken together, this research shows that the crude extract of B. laterosporus might be an effective agent against drug-resistant bacteria and malignant disorders due to its richness in diketopiperazines.

Brevibacillus laterosporus: A Probiotic with Important Applications in Crop and Animal Production

“…This pollution-free, sustainable, and efficient biocontrol method has gained extensive applications in agricultural production and crop protection. B. laterosporus strains can control or inhibit the reproduction of harmful fungi, such as Phytophthora capsici [ 25 ], Botryosphaeria dothidea [ 26 ], and Fusarium oxysporum [ 20 ], thereby promoting crop growth [ 27 , 28 ] ( Table 1 ).…”

Screening local marine habitats suggests a novel strain Bacillus subtilis MZ1 as a potential fatty acid producer

“…Purified DNA was considered pure when the OD 260 /OD 280 ratio was around 1.8, and the OD 260 /OD 230 ratio was about 2.0. Accordingly, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed with 27F/1492R primers according to Zayed et al (2022). The PCR thermal gradient program was a single cycle of 95 °C for 5 min, followed by 30 cycles at 95 °C for 30 s, 55 °C for 120 s, and 68 °C for 90 s, followed by a final extension at 68 °C for 10 min, and the reaction was held at 4 °C.…”

“…For example, the synthesis of fatty acids by microorganisms could contribute to the preservation of agricultural land. In addition to their nutraceutical properties, microbial fatty acids have been employed in medicine for their antibacterial activity (Hegazy et al, 2020;Shaaban et al, 2021;2023;Zayed et al, 2022).…”

Saudi Arabian Plants: A Powerful Weapon against a Plethora of Diseases

“…Therefore, there is a need for new potent drugs with fewer side effects for better management of inflammatory ailments. Natural products, especially medicinal plants, are a rich source of phytochemicals, which have been shown to relieve pain or have anti-inflammatory effects [61][62][63]. For example, curcumin isolated from Curcuma longa L. was the subject of several clinical studies of inflammatory diseases [64].…”