Structural correlates of attention dysfunction in Lewy body dementia and Alzheimer’s disease: an ex-Gaussian analysis

Schumacher, Julia; Cromarty, Ruth; Gallagher, Peter; Firbank, Michael; Thomas, Alan; Kaiser, Marcus; Blamire, Andrew M.; O’Brien, John; Peraza, Luis R.; Taylor, John‐Paul

doi:10.1007/s00415-019-09323-y

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…These findings are not in line with the hypotheses that individuals would demonstrate poor test–retest reliability in: (1) overall reaction times; (2) intra-individual reaction time variability and (3) composite measures of focussed attention and central information processing speed, at both short-term and longer-term follow-up. Potential reasons for this include the possibility that whilst objectively, patients with LBD demonstrate high levels of intra-individual variability, participants may have had the same relative degree of objective attentional instability, resulting in a minimal impact upon attentional measures [ 10 – 12 ]. Finally, all patients were taking medications including cholinesterase inhibitors, which can affect attention [ 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individuals with LBD display similar levels of objective attentional impairment, where this is more pronounced than is observed in Alzheimer's dementia (AD) [8,9]. Compared to patients with AD, those with LBD display slower reaction times (RTs) and higher levels of intra-individual variability [7,[10][11][12]. Attentional dysfunction can negatively affect quality of life in PDD [13] and may also contribute to other frequently-observed symptoms, including visual hallucinations [5,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantifying test-retest reliability of repeated objective attentional measures in Lewy body dementia

et al. 2022

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Objective cognitive impairment is a feature of Lewy body dementia (LBD), and computerised attentional tasks are commonly used as outcome measures in interventional trials. However, the reliability of these measures, in the absence of interventions, are unknown. This study examined the reliability of these attentional measures at short-term and longer-term follow-up stages. LBD patients (n = 36) completed computerised attentional tasks [simple and choice reaction time, and digit vigilance (SRT, CRT, DV)] at short-term (Day 0–Day 5) and longer-term (4 and 12 weeks) follow-up. Intra-class correlations (ICCs) were calculated to assess test–retest reliability. At short-term, the reciprocal SRT, CRT and DV mean reaction time to correct answers, the reciprocal DV coefficient of variation, and reciprocal power of attention (PoA) all showed excellent levels of reliability (all ICCs > 0.90). The reciprocal PoA showed the highest level of reliability (ICC = 0.978). At longer-term follow-up, only the reciprocal PoA had excellent levels of reliability (ICC = 0.927). Reciprocal SRT, CRT and DV reaction time to correct answers, and the CRT coefficient of variation values, showed good levels of test–retest reliability (ICCs ≥ 0.85). Contrary to expectations, most attentional measures demonstrated high levels of test–retest reliability at both short-term and longer-term follow-up time points. The reciprocal PoA composite measure demonstrated excellent levels of test–retest reliability, both in the short-term and long-term. This indicates that objective attentional tasks are suitable outcome measures in LBD studies and that the composite PoA measure may offer the highest levels of reliability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying test-retest reliability of repeated objective attentional measures in Lewy body dementia

et al. 2022

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“…Based on the STROBE assessment, eight of the studies we reviewed were considered to be of fair quality (Firbank et al, 2016(Firbank et al, , 2018Fuentes et al, 2010;Hall et al, 2016;Kobeleva et al, 2017;Madhyastha et al, 2015;Vandenbossche et al, 2011Vandenbossche et al, , 2012, and six were considered to be of good quality (Boord et al, 2017;Cromarty et al, 2018;Kéri et al, 2013;Pauletti et al, 2017;Schumacher et al, 2019;Yang et al, 2021). Two studies were considered to be of low quality due to their poor compliance with the STROBE checklist (Cristinzio et al, 2013;Zhou et al, 2012).…”

Section: Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Six of the 16 studies used the original ANT paradigm (Hall et al, 2016;Kéri et al, 2013;Pauletti et al, 2017;Vandenbossche et al, 2011Vandenbossche et al, , 2012Zhou et al, 2012). Eight studies with neuroimaging used the modified ANT paradigm for fMRI (Boord et al, 2017;Cromarty et al, 2018;Firbank et al, 2016Firbank et al, , 2018Kobeleva et al, 2017;Madhyastha et al, 2015;Schumacher et al, 2019;Yang et al, 2021). Cristinzio et al (2013) and Fuentes et al (2010) used a modified ANT paradigm including a sound tone (Callejas et al, 2004).…”

Section: Task Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Attention Network Test in Parkinson and Lewy Body Disease: A Systematic Review

Yang

Pourzinal

Rheinberger³

et al. 2022

Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology

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Background: The Attention Network Test (ANT) is a wellestablished measure of efficiency for the alerting, orienting, and executive attentional networks. However, its novel application in Parkinson disease (PD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD) research more broadly has yet to be evaluated systematically.Objective: To compare and consolidate the outcomes of studies reporting use of the ANT in PD and LBD groups and to identify the methodological considerations for the conduct of such studies.Method: We performed a systematic literature search for articles exploring attention in PD and LBD groups using the ANT. We excluded articles on the basis of irrelevant scope, non-English, and groups other than PD and LBD. Once the full text articles were identified, we extracted the data and assessed the studies' quality. Results:The final sample included 16 articles ranging from low to moderate quality. Behavioral findings suggested a general slowing of responses yet preserved accuracy from the PD group compared with controls. Overall, the evidence was inconclusive regarding the state of the alerting network in the PD and LBD groups, mostly supportive of an intact orienting network, and strongly suggestive of an impaired executive network. Differences in sample stratification, patient symptomatology, and dopaminergic medication levels were identified as influential factors in the attentional results across studies. Conclusion:Although sparse, the existing evidence indicates that the ANT is a viable option for measuring attention in PD; it can also be harnessed to explore the impact of symptoms and medications on attentional networks in PD and LBD groups.

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“…Moreover, in several studies, researchers showed a large number of photographs or pictures to participants, despite sustained concentration being more difficult for patients with dementia than for normal controls 9 . Thus, patients with dementia may perform poorly on the more difficult task of differentiation of negative emotions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial expression recognition in mild cognitive impairment and dementia: is the preservation of happiness recognition hypothesis true?

et al. 2020

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Aim Social cognition encompasses facial expression recognition (FER), theory of mind, and empathy. Although studies examining FER in large numbers of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia are rare, relative preservation of happiness recognition in dementia was reported in some studies. In this study, we examined performance on FER tests and its relationship to clinical demographics and other cognitive function test scores in patients with cognitive decline. Methods The present study administered an FER test and several cognitive tests to outpatients at a memory clinic. The FER test presents four facial expressions (happiness, surprise, anger, and sadness). A total of 187 patients were placed in one of the three groups based on their cognitive status: dementia group (n = 63), MCI group (n = 92), and normal cognition group (n = 32). Results The total scores on the FER test significantly differed among the three groups (normal > MCI > dementia). In the recognition of happiness and surprise, the dementia group had significantly lower scores than the normal cognition group. There were no significant differences in the recognition of anger and sadness scores among the three groups. The FER scores for happiness and surprise were primarily related to executive function scores, but the FER scores for anger and sadness were primarily related to age. Conclusions We note the difference in recognition of causative factors among the four emotions (happiness, surprise, anger, sadness). Our study raises serious doubts about the preservation of happiness recognition hypothesis in dementia based on FER tests.

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Structural correlates of attention dysfunction in Lewy body dementia and Alzheimer’s disease: an ex-Gaussian analysis

Cited by 17 publications

References 54 publications

Quantifying test-retest reliability of repeated objective attentional measures in Lewy body dementia

Quantifying test-retest reliability of repeated objective attentional measures in Lewy body dementia

The Attention Network Test in Parkinson and Lewy Body Disease: A Systematic Review

Facial expression recognition in mild cognitive impairment and dementia: is the preservation of happiness recognition hypothesis true?

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