“…In comparison, the deconvoluted W4f spectra show a shift of ∼0.20 eV in W 4f peaks toward higher binding energy for WH-rGO (0.4%). Furthermore, the deconvoluted O1s spectra of pristine WO 3 ·H 2 O and WH-rGO (0.4%) show three peaks corresponding to lattice oxygen (∼530.4 eV), oxygen vacancies (∼531.7 eV), and chemisorbed oxygen (∼536.6 eV) (Figure e). , However, in the case of WH-rGO, an additional subpeak is seen perhaps due to oxygen bonded to carbon, C–OH (∼532.8) . Also, in the case of WH-rGO, C1s spectra show increased intensities of C–OH (∼286.5 ± 0.2 eV) and OCO (288.8 eV) subpeaks, which directly relate to the rGO-induced functionalization of WO 3 ·H 2 O (Figure f). , Thus, the shifting of peaks toward higher binding energies, intense additional peak due to direct carbon and oxygen bond, and high intensities associated with the functional group peaks in WH-rGO, all imply a well-blended nature of rGO and WO 3 ·H 2 O …”