Nanoparticles of Bi 2 Ti 2 O 7 pyrochlore were synthesized by a coprecipitation method. They exhibit a high visible-light photoactivity for decolorization of a methyl-orange dye solution in the presence of a sacrificial agent, H 2 O 2 . The same pyrochlore system with an Ag co-catalyst showed even faster kinetics under only visible light and an unprecedentedly high photoactivity in the UV range.
K E Y W O R D Snanoparticles, photocatalysis, pyrochlore Nova Gorica, Slovenia. Email: metka.bencina@ijs.si
Present addressMetka Ben cina, Jo zef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia. The pyrochlores are interesting photocatalytic materials because it is possible to tune their electron/hole mobility and electronic structure by choice of the A and B elements. 20 The charge mobility influences the photocatalytic activity by affecting a probability for reaching reactive sites at a surface of the photocatalyst. Bi 3+ as an A-site ion contributes to the high electron mobility and photoactivity by a simultaneous effect of Bi 6s and 6p orbitals that are responsible for upwards and downwards shift of the valence and conductive band, respectively.
Funding information
20The reported studies on the on inactivity of the pyrochlore, prepared from a nominally stoichiometric composition (Ti/Bi = 1:1) and addition of 3 wt% Pt. Such product contained some secondary Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 phase. But, they proved that the Bi 2 Ti 2 O 7 pyrochlore with a nominally non-stoichiometric composition (Ti/ Bi = 1.25-1.5) is able to generate H 2 . They also showed that there is a correlation between the photoactivity and structural geometry of pyrochlores; the photoactivity is enhanced by reducing an initial 180°Ti-O-Ti angle in the TiO 6 network by an increase in the Ti/Bi ratio. The problem with the reported studies is in a fact that they all have used micrometer size powder with a low specific surface area. As far as we know, the only report about photoactivity of Bi 2 Ti 2 O 7 nanometer size powder with a large specific surface area was published by Su and Zhang. were mixed in deionized water for 2 hours. The dried mixture was washed with deionized water and centrifuged several times to remove NO 3 À . The obtained solid Ag(10%)/ Bi 2 Ti 2 O 7 and Ag(10%)/TiO 2 (P25) powders were dried at 70°C for 2 hours and then annealed at 350°C for 1 hour. TiO 2 (P25) which was used as a reference in photocatalytic experiments was purchased from Sigma Aldrich.
| CharacterizationPhase identification was performed with a PAN-alytical X'pert pro MPD diffractometer (Almelo, Netherlands) in a Bragg-Brentano geometry with Cu K-alpha radiation over a 2h range from 5°to 90°with a step size of 0.017°, a divergence slit of 0.218°, counting time of 25 seconds per step in the continuous scanning mode. HighScore plus software with ICSD database was used for a qualitative analysis of the obtained X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. The unit cell parameters were calculated with the Rietveld refinement, based on references from the ICSD database. The estimated error in the ...