Structural characterization of C₆₀ nanowhiskers formed by the liquid/liquid interfacial precipitation method

Abstract

The structure of C 60 whiskers fabricated by using the liquid/liquid interfacial precipitation method is analysed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The C 60 whiskers with submicrometre diameters, named 'C 60 nanowhiskers (C 60 NWs)', contain (002)

Synthesis of Carbon Nanocapsules and Nanotubes Using Fe-Doped Fullerene Nanowhiskers

“…Owing to the precipitation of Fe particles, the crystal growth of the NW was inhibited; as a result, the surfaces of the NWs had a rough topography. Therefore, the Fe-doped NWs presented here differ from pure C 60 NWs, which are surrounded by plane surfaces [19][20][21][22][23]. Figure 4 shows a bright-field image of the heat-treated specimen.…”

“…An efficient synthesis method for hollow CNCs using single-crystal fullerene nanowhiskers (NWs) was found by Asaka et al [14][15][16][17][18]. Fullerene NWs can be synthesized by a simple method, that is, the liquid-liquid interfacial precipitation (LLIP) method [19][20][21][22][23]. In addition, in the LLIP method, fullerene NWs can be doped with metallic particles using C 60 derivatives and additives such as metal nitrate nonahydrates in solution [24][25][26].…”

Preparation of C₆₀ Nanowhiskers/WO₃ Nanocomposites and Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes

“…10,11 A new type of C 60 that takes the form of needle-like crystals, C 60 nanowhiskers, was synthesized via liquid-liquid interfacial precipitation (LLIP), where the nanowhiskers nucleate at the interface between a toluene solution saturated with C 60 and isopropyl alcohol. [12][13][14][15] The needle crystal of C 60 nanowhiskers has hexagonal rod shape and diameters ranging from 0.5 to 100 μm. The synthesized single crystal ferroelectric nanowires (FNWs) were less than 1 μm in diameter and greater than 100 μm in length.…”

DC Characterisation of C60 Whiskers and Nanowhiskers

“…The absence of grain boundaries, combined with the observation of enhanced intermolecular bonding, are the main reasons why C 60 nanowhiskers are expected to exhibit superior electrical and mechanical properties to those of their larger-diameter counterparts. Two-point probe (2PP) measurements on C 60 whiskers, suspended between indiumgallium electrodes, at room temperature reveal a proportional relationship between whisker diameter and DC resistivity [6] (solid line, Figure 2). C 60 whiskers measuring less than 10 µm in diameter were observed to posses lower resistivities compared to that of bulk C 60 crystal.…”

“…In contrast to CNTs, which can be visualised as rolled-up sheets of graphene, C 60 whiskers contain no long-range hollow structure. Instead, structural characterisation [5,6] has indicated the whiskers are solid, consisting of a series of C 60 molecules, bounded through a combination of Van der Waals interactions and chemical bonds. The latter suggests that C 60 whiskers contain chains of polymerised C 60 within their structure.…”