Structural Characterization and Repair Mechanism of <i>Gracilaria lemaneiformis</i> Sulfated Polysaccharides of Different Molecular Weights on Damaged Renal Epithelial Cells

Guo, Da; Yu, Kai; Sun, Xin-Yuan; Ouyang, Jian‐Ming

doi:10.1155/2018/7410389

Cited by 21 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…Our previous research prepared GLP by the traditional method of hot-water extraction and obtained a polysaccharide with Mw of 123.06 kDa and sulfate content of 9.24% [ 7 ]. Studies on in vitro antioxidant activity of GLP indicated that the GLP had strong hydroxyl radical scavenging activity [ 11 ] and could protect human kidney proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) from oxidative stress-mediated damage [ 12 ]. However, the biological activities of polysaccharides are closely associated with their primary structures, such as monosaccharide composition, sulfate and uronic acid contents, and molecular weight (Mw) [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic Degradation of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis Polysaccharide and the Antioxidant Activity of Its Degradation Products

Tian

Zhang

et al. 2021

Marine Drugs

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Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis polysaccharides (GLP) were degraded using pectinase, glucoamylase, cellulase, xylanase, and β-dextranase into low-molecular-weight polysaccharides, namely, GPP, GGP, GCP, GXP, and GDP, respectively, and their antioxidant capacities were investigated. The degraded GLPs showed higher antioxidant activities than natural GLP, and GDP exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. After the optimization of degradation conditions through single-factor and orthogonal optimization experiments, four polysaccharide fractions (GDP1, GDP2, GDP3, and GDP4) with high antioxidant abilities (hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, DPPH radical scavenging activity, reduction capacity, and total antioxidant capacity) were obtained. Their cytoprotective activities against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in human fetal lung fibroblast 1 (HFL1) cells were examined. Results suggested that GDP pretreatment can significantly improve cell viability, reduce reactive oxygen species and malonaldehyde levels, improve antioxidant enzyme activity and mitochondria membrane potential, and alleviate oxidative damage in HFL1 cells. Thus, the enzyme degradation of GLP with β-dextranase can significantly improve its antioxidant activity, and GDP might be a suitable source of natural antioxidants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic Degradation of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis Polysaccharide and the Antioxidant Activity of Its Degradation Products

Tian

Zhang

et al. 2021

Marine Drugs

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“…Thus, it is of great importance to show whether reversing the decline of the Nrf2 expression would slow down the aging process. It has been validated that upregulation of the Nrf2 expression, either by genetic manipulation or by pharmacological interference, can significantly ameliorate the extent of aging-related diseases and/or retard the aging process [25, 28, 29, 40–42]. In flies given SP2 supplement, significant upregulation in the expression of cncC and its downstream target genes ( gclc , cat , and ho ) occurred, which further promoted stress resistance and longevity (Figures 2 –5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sargassum fusiforme Fucoidan SP2 Extends the Lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster by Upregulating the Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant Signaling Pathway

et al. 2019

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Damage accumulated in the genome and macromolecules is largely attributed to increased oxidative damage and a lack of damage repair in a cell, and this can eventually trigger the process of aging. Alleviating the extent of oxidative damage is therefore considered as a potential way to promote longevity. SFPS, a heteropolysaccharide extracted from the brown alga Sargassum fusiforme, has previously been shown to alleviate oxidative damage during the aging process in mice, but whether SFPS could extend the lifespan of an organism was not demonstrated. Furthermore, the precise component within SFPS that is responsible for the antioxidant activity and the underlying mechanism of such activity was also not resolved. In this study, SP2, a fucoidan derived from SFPS, was shown to exhibit strong antioxidant activity as measured by in vitro radical-scavenging assays. SP2 also improved the survival rate of D. melanogaster subjected to oxidative stress. The flies that were fed with a diet containing SP2 from the time of eclosion displayed significant enhancement in lifespan and reduced accumulation of triglyceride at the old-age stage. In addition, SP2 markedly improved the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and reduced the contents of the malondialdehyde (MDA) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in old flies. Furthermore, SP2 also upregulated the expression levels of the nuclear factor-erythroid-2-like 2 (nfe2l2 or nrf2) and its downstream target genes, accompanied by a dramatic reduction in the expression of kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (keap1, a canonical inhibitor of the Nrf2) in old flies. Additional support linking the crucial role of the Nrf2/ARE pathway to the antioxidant effect of SP2 was the relatively high survival rate under heat stress for D. melanogaster individuals receiving SP2 supplement, an effect that was abolished by the inclusion of inhibitors specific for the Nrf2/ARE pathway. Collectively, the results indicated that SP2, a S. fusiforme fucoidan, could promote longevity in D. melanogaster by enhancing the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant signaling pathway during the aging process.

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“…Progressive tissue inflammation together with supersaturation of calcium phosphate then induces Randall's plaque formation and finally kidney stone development (Williams et al, 2016;Patel et al, 2018;Dominguez-Gutierrez et al, 2020). To cope with the impaired immune response and tissue inflammation as well as the interstitial plaque development, various antioxidants or free radical scavengers (Muthukumar and Selvam, 1998;Kohri et al, 2012;Zhai et al, 2013;Aggarwal et al, 2016;Chhiber et al, 2016) and polysaccharide compounds (Veena et al, 2007;Sun et al, 2016;Guo et al, 2018;Sun et al, 2019) have been shown to serve as the therapeutic/preventive strategies to rescue/prevent kidney stone formation.…”

Section: Previous Investigations Of Mitochondria In Kidney Stone Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Kidney Stone Disease

Chaiyarit

Thongboonkerd

2020

Front. Physiol.

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Mitochondrion is a pivotal intracellular organelle that plays crucial roles in regulation of energy production, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, and apoptosis. Kidney stone disease (nephrolithiasis/urolithiasis), particularly calcium oxalate (CaOx; the most common type), has been shown to be associated with oxidative stress and tissue inflammation/ injury. Recent evidence has demonstrated the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in CaOx crystal retention and aggregation as well as Randall's plaque formation, all of which are the essential mechanisms for kidney stone formation. This review highlights the important roles of mitochondria in renal cell functions and provides the data obtained from previous investigations of mitochondria related to kidney stone disease. In addition, mechanisms for the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of kidney stone disease are summarized. Finally, future perspectives on the novel approach to prevent kidney stone formation by mitochondrial preservation are discussed.

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Structural Characterization and Repair Mechanism of Gracilaria lemaneiformis Sulfated Polysaccharides of Different Molecular Weights on Damaged Renal Epithelial Cells

Cited by 21 publications

References 51 publications

Enzymatic Degradation of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis Polysaccharide and the Antioxidant Activity of Its Degradation Products

Enzymatic Degradation of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis Polysaccharide and the Antioxidant Activity of Its Degradation Products

Sargassum fusiforme Fucoidan SP2 Extends the Lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster by Upregulating the Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant Signaling Pathway

Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Kidney Stone Disease

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