Structural characterization and identification of major constituents in Radix Scrophulariae by HPLC coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry

You-Hua, Chen; Qi, Jin; Hua, Jing; Yu, Boyang

doi:10.1016/s1875-5364(14)60009-1

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Radix Scrophulariae, called Xuan Shen in Chinese, is a traditional Chinese medicine derived from the dried roots of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. Radix Scrophulariae has been used for thousands of years in China owing to its excellent traditional therapeutic effects and various pharmacological activities, such as anti-myocardial ischemia, anti-atherosclerosis, antimyocardial hypertrophy, anticerebral ischemia, antiplatelet aggregation, anti-inflammatory, liver protection, immune regulation, antibacteria, neuron protection, hypnosis, and antihyperuricaemia [ 22 , 23 ]. Modern pharmacological studies and clinical practice have demonstrated that Radix Scrophulariae possesses anti-angiogenesis, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities, as well as the ability to promote ventricular remodeling [ 21 , 22 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective Effects of Radix Scrophulariae on Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury via MAPK Pathways

et al. 2018

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Ischemic stroke is a clinically common cerebrovascular disease whose main risks include necrosis, apoptosis and cerebral infarction, all caused by cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). Ischemia and reperfusion-induced injury or apoptosis inhibition in human brain tissue may exert an irreplaceable protective effect on ischemic nerves. This process has particular significance for the treatment of stroke patients. However, the development of neuroprotective drugs remains challenging. Radix Scrophulariae, traditionally considered a valuable medicine, has been discovered to have neuroprotective effects. To explore the neuroprotective effects of an aqueous extract of Radix Scrophulariae (RSAE) on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and their underlying mechanisms, oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced PC12 cells were used, and a middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) mouse model was established. In vitro results showed that 12.5 μg/mL RSAE markedly improved cell viability; inhibited LDH leakage; increased SOD, GSH-Px and CAT enzyme activity; stabilized the mitochondrial membrane potential; and reduced OGD-induced cell injury and apoptosis. Additionally, in vivo results preliminarily suggested that in MCAO/R model mice, RSAE treatments attenuated infarct volume; reduced brain water content and nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations; inhibited I/R-induced neurological deficits; reduced the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage release; improved antioxidant capacity by upregulating SOD, GSH-Px and CAT enzyme activity; and reduced neuronal apoptosis, necrosis and loss of neurons. Moreover, it was found that RSAE upregulated the expression of Bcl-2 and downregulated the expression of Bax. In addition, the phosphorylation levels of MAPK signal pathways were elucidated via western blot analysis and immunohistochemical evaluation. In summary, this study investigated the neuroprotective effects and potential mechanisms of RSAE on focal cerebral I/R injury in mice. Radix Scrophulariae has been previously identified as a potential neuroprotective natural plant. Hence, our results may offer insight into discovering new active compounds or drugs for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Many new natural active chemicals in this extract may be discovered by chemical separation and identification and may provide new insights into therapeutic targets in stroke patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective Effects of Radix Scrophulariae on Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury via MAPK Pathways

et al. 2018

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“…Radix scrophulariae called Xuan Shen in Chinese, a traditional Chinese medicine, is derived from the dried roots of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl. Owing to its excellent traditional therapeutic effects, including blood cooling, yin nourishing, fire purging, and toxin removing, Radix scrophulariae has been used for thousands of years in China [22,23]. Modern pharmacological studies and clinical practice demonstrated that it possess anti-angiogenesis, ventricular remodeling, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities [21,22,24].…”

Section: Instructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we investigated the effects of the Radix scrophulariae aqueous extract (RSAE) on PC 12 cells suffered with the oxygen glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) model and MCAO/R mice in focal cerebral ischemia. And a total of thirty-six compounds were identified from RSAE based on the accurate mass measurement of precursor and product ions via MS/MS-Q-TOF, as previously described [22,23].…”

Section: Instructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radix Scrophulariae Aqueous Extract Seems to Exert Neuroprotective Effects on Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury with Inhibiting Apoptosis via ERK1/2 and p-38 MAPK Pathway

Xie¹,

Zhou²,

Zhang³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Ischemia stroke is one of a clinically common cerebrovascular disease. And Inhibition of brain tissue ischemia and reperfusion-induced damage, especially apoptosis, has an irreplaceable protective effect on ischemic nerves, and has special significance for the treatment of patients after treatment. However, the development of neuroprotective drugs still has certain challenges. Radix scrophulariae as a valuable medicine, has been discovered to has neuroprotective effects. Our researches initially proved that Radix scrophulariae aqueous extract (RSAE) exerting a neuroprotective effects on cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury in oxygen glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced PC12 cells and middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model mice, were associated with attenuation of infarct volume, brain water content, nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA), inhibiting I/R-induced damage by reducing the levels of LDH release, improving anti-oxidant capacity by upregulating the SOD, GSH-Px and CAT activity, stabilizing mitochondrial membrane potential, reducing neuronal apoptosis, necrosis and neuronal loss by regulating the expression of anti-apoptotic BCL-2and pro-apoptotic protein Bax, and elucidating downregulate the phosphorylation levels of MAPK pathways. Our findings may elaborate the neuroprotective effects and potential mechanisms of RSAE on focal cerebral I/R injury in mice. Since, Radix scrophulariae, as a potential neuroprotective natural plant, has originally been identified to, our results may offer directions and clues for discovering new active compounds or drugs for treatment of ischemic stroke, which allows us to discover many new natural active chemicals by chemical separation and identification, and provide new insights into therapeutic targets in stroke patients.

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“…Purification and characterization of these bioactive constituent is thus a quite challenging task . The ESI IM‐MS system is very helpful in this scenario because liquid chromatography (LC) can be directly coupled with this system for separation of complicated herbal medicines and the high sensitivity of MS makes the low concentration component analysis possible . In addition, IM increases the peak capacity, provides structural information and potential isomer separation .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion mobility mass spectrometry with molecular modelling to reveal bioactive isomer conformations and underlying relationship with isomerization

Ouyang

Tao²,

Zhang³

et al. 2018

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Structural characterization and identification of major constituents in Radix Scrophulariae by HPLC coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Neuroprotective Effects of Radix Scrophulariae on Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury via MAPK Pathways

Neuroprotective Effects of Radix Scrophulariae on Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury via MAPK Pathways

Radix Scrophulariae Aqueous Extract Seems to Exert Neuroprotective Effects on Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury with Inhibiting Apoptosis via ERK1/2 and p-38 MAPK Pathway

Ion mobility mass spectrometry with molecular modelling to reveal bioactive isomer conformations and underlying relationship with isomerization

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