Structural characterization and evolutionary analysis of fish-specific TLR27

Wang, Jinlan; Zhang, Zheng; Liu, Jing; Li, Fang; Chang, Fen; Fu, Hui; Zhao, Jing; Yin, Deling

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2015.06.017

Cited by 39 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Here, 10 LRR domains were detected in LjTLR1, whereas 9 are present in E. coioides TLR1 (Wei et al., ) and 20 are found in Cyprinus carpio TLR1 (Fink, Forlenza, Pietretti, & Wiegertjes, ). Previous work has shown that unlike most TLRs, TLR1 lacks a signal peptide in the N‐terminus, a finding supported by the results of the present study (Fink et al., ; Wang et al., ). In addition, in all fish, TLR1 contains a transmembrane domain.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…To date, at least 26 distinct TLR genes have been identified in various animals, including amphibians, birds, reptiles and mammals (Takeda & Akira, ), and 20 have been described in fish (Qi, Xia, Chao, Zhao, & Wu, ; Wang et al., , 2016; Zhang et al., ). TLRs are divided into six subfamilies (TLR1, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 11) based on ligand recognition and subcellular localization (Roach et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular cloning of sea perch (Lateolabrax japonicus ) TLR1 and analysis of its expression pattern after stimulation with various bacteria

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2018

Aquac Res

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Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) play an indispensable role in fish immunity, being involved in pathogen recognition and the triggering of immune reactions. Here, a member of the TLR family, TLR1, from Lateolabrax japonicus was characterized and its expression pattern and intracellular localization were analysed. The full‐length LjTLR1 cDNA (2,755 bp) was found to encode a polypeptide of 827 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence contained three main structural domains: an extracellular leucine‐rich repeat domain, a transmembrane domain and a Toll/IL‐1 receptor domain. Tissue distribution analysis indicated that LjTLR1 was expressed in all of the examined tissues to varying degrees, with the highest levels being measured in the head kidney. In order to assess the antibacterial functions of LjTLR1 during infection, the pathogenic bacteria Vibrio harveyi and Streptococcus agalactiae were used. LjTLR1 was significantly upregulated in the three immune organs (the head kidney, spleen and liver) following bacterial stimulation, and its expression was detected 6 hr after initial exposure. In mRNA in situ hybridization experiments, positive signals were more numerous in the treatment group than the control group, verifying the expression patterns observed. Assessment of the intracellular localization of LjTLR1 revealed it to be present in the cytoplasm. These results indicate the potential role of LjTLR1 in immune responses to bacterial infection. This study enriches our knowledge of L. japonicus immune genes and provides a theoretical basis for further research concerning the antibacterial functions of fish TLRs during infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular cloning of sea perch (Lateolabrax japonicus ) TLR1 and analysis of its expression pattern after stimulation with various bacteria

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2018

Aquac Res

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“…Family 1 includes TLR1/1LA/1LB/2/2A/2B/6/10/14/18/24/25 as well as TLR27 24 . These TLR ectodomains possess the three-domain architecture.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectodomain Architecture Affects Sequence and Functional Evolution of Vertebrate Toll-like Receptors

Wang

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are crucial components of innate immunity that specifically recognize diverse pathogen-associated molecular patterns from pathogens. The continuous hydrogen-bond network (asparagine ladder) formed among the asparagine residues on the concave surfaces of neighboring leucine-rich repeat modules assists in stabilizing the overall shape of TLR ectodomains responsible for ligand recognition. Analysis of 28 types of vertebrate TLRs showed that their ectodomains possessed three types of architectures: a single-domain architecture with an intact asparagine ladder, a three-domain architecture with the ladder interrupted in the middle, and a trans-three-domain architecture with the ladder broken in both termini. Based on a phylogenetic analysis, the three vertebrate TLR architectures arose during early evolution. The 1428 vertebrate TLRs can be divided into eight families based on sequence and structural differences. TLRs ligand specificities are affected by their ectodomain architectures. Three-domain TLRs bind hydrophobic ligands, whereas single-domain and trans-three-domain TLRs mainly recognize hydrophilic ligands. Analysis of 39 vertebrate genomes suggested that the number of single-domain TLR genes in terrestrial vertebrate genomes decreased by half compared to aquatic vertebrate genomes. Single-domain TLR genes underwent stronger purifying selective pressures than three-domain TLR genes in mammals. Overall, ectodomain architecture influences the sequence and functional evolution of vertebrate TLRs.

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“…The responses of TLRs to PAMPs serve as a universal trigger for the immune system, the most crucial result of which is the induction of inflammation response factors and interferons (IFNs) via myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)-dependent or MyD88-independent signalling pathway [6,7]. while fish don't have Tlr6 and -10, but have some specific Tlrs, such as Tlr5s and Tlr18-28 [8,9]. However, the tlr21 gene is also identified in African clawed frog [10] and chicken [11] and a TLR22 psuedogene in human genome [12], indicating that the distant ancestors of these fish-specific genes became pseudogenes or lost in mammalian genomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and expression study of a Toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) gene from turbot, Scophthalmus maximus

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2016

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

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Structural characterization and evolutionary analysis of fish-specific TLR27

Cited by 39 publications

References 48 publications

Molecular cloning of sea perch (Lateolabrax japonicus ) TLR1 and analysis of its expression pattern after stimulation with various bacteria

Molecular cloning of sea perch (Lateolabrax japonicus ) TLR1 and analysis of its expression pattern after stimulation with various bacteria

Ectodomain Architecture Affects Sequence and Functional Evolution of Vertebrate Toll-like Receptors

Cloning and expression study of a Toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) gene from turbot, Scophthalmus maximus

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