Structural Characteristics, Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Activities of Polysaccharide from Siraitia grosvenorii

Abstract

The structural characterization, the in vitro antioxidant activity, and the hypoglycemic activity of a polysaccharide (SGP-1-1) isolated from Siraitia grosvenorii (SG) were studied in this paper. SGP-1-1, whose molecular weight is 19.037 kDa, consisted of Gal:Man:Glc in the molar ratio of 1:2.56:4.90. According to the results of methylation analysis, GC–MS, and NMR, HSQC was interpreted as a glucomannan with a backbone composed of 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→4)-, α-D-Glcp-(1→4)-, and 4)-Manp-(1 residues. α-1,6 linked an α-D-Galp branch, and α-1,6 linked an α-D-Glcp branch. The study indirectly showed that SGP-1-1 has good in vitro hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities and that these activities may be related to the fact that the SGP-1-1’s monosaccharide composition (a higher proportion of Gal and Man) is the glycosidic-bond type (α- and β-glycosidic bonds). SGP-1-1 could be used as a potential antioxidant and hypoglycemic candidate for functional and nutritional food applications.

Siraitia grosvenorii As a Homologue of Food and Medicine: A Review of Biological Activity, Mechanisms of Action, Synthetic Biology, and Applications in Future Food

“…Compared to studies on the components of SG, relatively little research has been done on SG polysaccharide (SGP). 2,5,10,11 Recently, our group has focused on the isolation and purification of SGP, its structure, hypoglycemic and antioxidant properties, and bioavailability. 2,5,11 We have obtained two SGP polysaccharides in successive isolations, mannoglucan (M w = 19.04 kDa, Gal:Man:Glc = 1:2.56:4.90) and glucan (M w = 23.40 kDa, Glucan).…”

“…The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994, published by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), defines a dietary supplement as a product designed to augment the diet, potentially including a range of ingredients such as food extracts, concentrates, metabolites, or combinations − is known for its sweet flavor and low-calorie profile . It exhibits several health benefits like anti-inflammatory properties, lung purification, phlegm removal, liver and intestinal function regulation, blood sugar reduction, antiaging, and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. − The effectiveness of SG primarily stems from its rich composition of active elements, such as polysaccharides and sweet glycosides, making it an excellent candidate for dietary supplements.…”

Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey: Research Progress of Its Active Components, Pharmacological Effects, and Extraction Methods

“…It contains α- and β-glycosidic bonds and is elucidated as a glucomannan with a backbone composed of 4) -β-D-Glcp- (1→4) -, α-D-Glcp- (1→4) -, and 4) -Manp- (1 residue. α-1,6 linked an α-D-Galp branch, and α-1,6 linked an α-D-Glcp branch) [ 59 ]. The polysaccharide structure from S. grosvenorii is shown in Figure 6 [ 60 ].…”

Recent Updates on Phytoconstituent Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors: An Approach towards the Treatment of Type Two Diabetes

“…Recent evidence from the literature revealed that polysaccharides from different plant species could inhibit α-glucosidase activity [ 88 , 122 , 151 ]. A polysaccharide fraction, AXA-1, isolated from wheat bran showed a potential non-competitive mode of inhibitory effects against the α-glucosidase enzyme [ 123 ].…”