Structural characterisation of polycrystalline colloidal monolayers in the presence of aspherical impurities

Gray, Andrew T.; Mould, Elizabeth; Royall, C. Patrick; Williams, Ian H.

doi:10.1088/0953-8984/27/19/194108

Cited by 20 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Data Analysis. Particle trajectories are obtained in each 2D video using standard particle-tracking algorithms (68) implemented in the R programming language (69). From particle trajectories, displacements over 10 frame intervals are calculated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusioosmotic and convective flows induced by a nonelectrolyte concentration gradient

Williams

Lee

Apriceno

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Glucose is an important energy source in our bodies, and its consumption results in gradients over length scales ranging from the subcellular to entire organs. Concentration gradients can drive material transport through both diffusioosmosis and convection. Convection arises because concentration gradients are mass density gradients. Diffusioosmosis is fluid flow induced by the interaction between a solute and a solid surface. A concentration gradient parallel to a surface creates an osmotic pressure gradient near the surface, resulting in flow. Diffusioosmosis is well understood for electrolyte solutes, but is more poorly characterized for nonelectrolytes such as glucose. We measure fluid flow in glucose gradients formed in a millimeter-long thin channel and find that increasing the gradient causes a crossover from diffusioosmosis-dominated to convection-dominated flow. We cannot explain this with established theories of these phenomena which predict that both scale linearly. In our system, the convection speed is linear in the gradient, but the diffusioosmotic speed has a much weaker concentration dependence and is large even for dilute solutions. We develop existing models and show that a strong surface–solute interaction, a heterogeneous surface, and accounting for a concentration-dependent solution viscosity can explain our data. This demonstrates how sensitive nonelectrolyte diffusioosmosis is to surface and solution properties and to surface–solute interactions. A comprehensive understanding of this sensitivity is required to understand transport in biological systems on length scales from micrometers to millimeters where surfaces are invariably complex and heterogeneous.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusioosmotic and convective flows induced by a nonelectrolyte concentration gradient

Williams

Lee

Apriceno

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The 2D particle trajectories are extracted from the fluorescence micrograph series using algorithms adapted from those of Crocker and Grier (70) and implemented in the R programming language, previously used for analysis of bright-field micrographs (71). For each image series, a background image was calculated by finding the time-averaged brightness for each pixel.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soluto-inertial phenomena: Designing long-range, long-lasting, surface-specific interactions in suspensions

Banerjee

Williams

Azevedo

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Equilibrium interactions between particles in aqueous suspensions are limited to distances less than 1 μm. Here, we describe a versatile concept to design and engineer nonequilibrium interactions whose magnitude and direction depends on the surface chemistry of the suspended particles, and whose range may extend over hundreds of microns and last thousands of seconds. The mechanism described here relies on diffusiophoresis, in which suspended particles migrate in response to gradients in solution. Three ingredients are involved: a soluto-inertial "beacon" designed to emit a steady flux of solute over long time scales; suspended particles that migrate in response to the solute flux; and the solute itself, which mediates the interaction. We demonstrate soluto-inertial interactions that extend for nearly half a millimeter and last for tens of minutes, and which are attractive or repulsive, depending on the surface chemistry of the suspended particles. Experiments agree quantitatively with scaling arguments and numerical computations, confirming the basic phenomenon, revealing design strategies, and suggesting a broad set of new possibilities for the manipulation and control of suspended particles.olloidal suspensions and emulsions of 10-nm to 10-μm particles play a central role in a wide variety of industrial, technological, biological, and everyday processes. Everyday goods, including shampoos, inks, vaccines, paints, and foodstuffs as well as industrial products such as drilling muds, ceramics, and pesticides, rely fundamentally on stably suspended microparticles for their creation and/or operation. This incredible versatility derives from the extensive variety of properties (e.g., mechanical, optical, and chemical) attainable in suspension through a generic set of physicochemical strategies (1-4). A proper understanding of the stability and dynamics of suspensions in general thus underpins both fundamental science and technological applications.The properties and performance of suspensions depend preeminently on the effective interactions between particles. The celebrated Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory (5-7) balances electrostatic interactions (typically repulsive) between charged colloids-as screened by ions in the surrounding electrolyte-against van der Waals attractions, and successfully predicts the stability, phase behavior, and response of electrostatically stabilized suspensions. Additional (non-DLVO) forces can also be used to stabilize or destabilize colloidal suspensions. Grafted or adsorbed macromolecules provide short-range steric repulsions that stabilize suspended particles against van der Waals-induced flocculation (8-11). By contrast, nonadsorbed macromolecules that remain dispersed in solution introduce entropic depletion attractions whose strength and range is set by the size and concentration of depletants (12, 13). Such depletion interactions scale with thermal energy (k B T), and thus enable tunable and reversible attractions (14, 15). Clever design of shaped or patterned coll...

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“…While scattering‐based methods give a useful statistical measure of the behavior of NPs at the liquid–fluid interface, real‐space imaging provides access to both the structure and dynamics of nanoparticle assemblies in localized regions. Many recent computational and experimental studies on the 2D packing of geometrically simple objects such as spheres and disks, and in the limits of jamming and crystallization, suggest this area holds a wealth of new physics . This can only be investigated if the spatial location of each NP can be visualized and mapped as a function of time.…”

Section: Assembly Dynamics and In Situ Characterization Of Nanomatementioning

confidence: 99%

Building Reconfigurable Devices Using Complex Liquid–Fluid Interfaces

et al. 2019

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imparts novel mechanical and functional properties to the macroscopic interface itself. These properties include size-and charge-selective pathways for molecules and particulates, shear and compressive moduli, and selective binding and reaction sites. Complex interfaces can then be used to generate complex, macroscopic, all-liquid materials with very high surface areas that have unique properties, such as compartmentalization, communication between compartments, and the ability to move and reconfigure. With the rapid growth in the study of complex materials made from interfacially structured liquids, there is a need to review the field from the funda-Liquid-fluid interfaces provide a platform both for structuring liquids into complex shapes and assembling dimensionally confined, functional nanomaterials. Historically, attention in this area has focused on simple emulsions and foams, in which surface-active materials such as surfactants or colloids stabilize structures against coalescence and alter the mechanical properties of the interface. In recent decades, however, a growing body of work has begun to demonstrate the full potential of the assembly of nanomaterials at liquid-fluid interfaces to generate functionally advanced, biomimetic systems. Here, a broad overview is given, from fundamentals to applications, of the use of liquid-fluid interfaces to generate complex, all-liquid devices with a myriad of potential applications. Figure 2.Interactions between particles attached to liquid-fluid interfaces. a) Dipole-dipole interactions between adsorbed particles due to asymmetric charge distributions near the surface of particles at interfaces. Reproduced with permission. [34] Copyright 1980, American Physical Society. b) Dipole-dipole interactions give rise to 2D colloidal crystals with large lattice spacings. Scale bar, 50 µm. Reproduced with permission. [36]

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Structural characterisation of polycrystalline colloidal monolayers in the presence of aspherical impurities

Cited by 20 publications

References 46 publications

Diffusioosmotic and convective flows induced by a nonelectrolyte concentration gradient

Diffusioosmotic and convective flows induced by a nonelectrolyte concentration gradient

Soluto-inertial phenomena: Designing long-range, long-lasting, surface-specific interactions in suspensions

Building Reconfigurable Devices Using Complex Liquid–Fluid Interfaces

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