Structural changes in the thermochromic solid-state phase transition of poly(3-alkylthiophene

Tashiro, Kohji; Ono, Katsuhiko; Minagawa, Yasuhisa; Kobayashi, Kentaro; Kawai, Tsuyoshi; Yoshino, Katsumi

doi:10.1016/0379-6779(91)91135-w

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…As shown in Figure 6, the absorption peaks in Infrared Spectra Studies of Methylene Units the 1400-1280 cm 01 region are rich in conformational information, and these peaks are assigned In order to obtain more information on this conformational transition of the PDDT backbone, infra-to C{H bending vibrations which are IR-active shoulders at 1352 cm 01 . These peaks were also reported by Tashiro et al 7 for unoriented poly(3hexylthiophene) and PDDT. A comparative study of the infrared spectra of PDDT/PODA blend samples in Figure 6, shows the pure PDDT in the solid state at room temperature contains alkyl chains conformationally distorted than those of PDDT in blends with PODA.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Therefore, this concept was recently long and flexible side chains is a technique comapplied to 3-substituted polythiophenes. [6][7][8] Introducing a flexible side chain such as an n-alkyl group with a carbon number of 4 or more on the mer to be soluble in common organic solvents, fus-denced by the continuous shift of optical absorption maximum with increasing temperature or ible, and melt processible yet retain a rather high conductivity of about 30-100 S/cm. 9 solvent power.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Blend of electroactive poly(3-dodecylthiophene) with comb-like alkylated polyacrylate

Kim¹,

Levón²

1997

J. Polym. Sci. B Polym. Phys.

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The conformational mode change of the stiff alkylated polymer, poly(3‐dodecyl thiophene) (PDDT), with a flexible comb‐like coil poly(octadecyl acrylate) (PODA), and the effect of intermolecular interaction between these two alkylated polymers with different chemical structure of the backbone were investigated using UV‐Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and wide‐angle x‐ray diffraction (WAXD). In addition to the characteristics of thermochromism, a homogeneous one phase was observed above 175°C when the PODA content was 10 wt % or less. Increased conductivity in the PDDT/PODA blend due to the highly conjugated π‐system of PDDT backbone was observed in the presence of nonelectroactive PODA. A red‐shift of absorption maximum of PDDT/PODA blend observed in solid state at room temperature. From the FTIR spectra, the gauche‐trans conformational structure change of methylene units was investigated in two alkylated polymer blends. The increase of combined heat of fusion of the alkyl side chain melting of PDDT and the endothermic peak of PODA, as well as the interlayer d‐spacing of PDDT main chain were also observed with the addition of PODA in blends. A more ordered conformational structure of rigid rod backbone of PDDT was induced due to the attractive intermolecular interaction which can cause cocrystallization between the alkylated side chains of two polymers. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 35:1025–1041, 1997

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

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confidence: 99%

Blend of electroactive poly(3-dodecylthiophene) with comb-like alkylated polyacrylate

Kim¹,

Levón²

1997

J. Polym. Sci. B Polym. Phys.

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“…At the same time, the starting point for the conformational analysis of polymer macromolecules is the proper and accurate determination of λ , i.e., the projection of the monomer unit in the direction of the main polymer chain ( M L = M / L = M 0 / λ , where M is the molecular weight, L is the contour length of a polymer chain, M L is the mass per unit length and M 0 is the molecular weight of a monomer unit). It should be noted that λ values used in the previous studies were either obtained from XRD of P3HT in solid state or estimated by the computer simulations . However, this value has never been determined experimentally in the solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamic properties and conformation of poly(3-hexylthiophene) in dilute solutions

Yakimansky

Bushin

Безрукова

et al. 2016

J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys.

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Conducting polymers demonstrate low solubility in organic solvents. Introducing aliphatic substituents into polymer chains improves their solubility, but may also lead to changes in conformational characteristics of macromolecules. In the present work, the studies of hydrodynamic properties and conformational characteristics of comb-shaped poly(3-hexylthiophene) with aliphatic side substituents were carried out in chloroform solutions. Conformational analysis of the studied macromolecules was performed for the first time using homologous series with a wide range of molecular weights of the polymers in dilute solutions. The hydrodynamic properties of these macromolecules were interpreted using the worm-like spherocylinder model and the straight spherocylinder model. The projection of the monomer unit in the direction of the main polymer chain k 5 0.37 nm was determined experimentally. The following parameters of poly(3-hexylthiophene) were characterized and quantified: equilibrium rigidity (Kuhn segment length) ff 5 6.7 nm and hydrodynamic diameter of a polymer chain d 5 0.6 nm.

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“…It has been recently shown that bioinspired nanostructured surfaces drastically enhance thermochromism in inorganic thermochromic materials such as vanadium dioxide19. To the best of our knowledge, thermochromic changes in polythiophenes on such bioinspired surfaces or on soft polymeric nanostructured materials have not been studied so far.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Many superhydrophobic surfaces have been developed following bioinspired strategies. Recent studies indicate that certain physicochemical phenomena can be enhanced on superhydrophobic surfaces such as electro-osmosis, diffuso-osmosis, electrolyte diffusion in fuel cells, surface enhanced Raman scattering and cell adhesion1920212223. For instance, superhydrophobic surfaces, due to their sub-micrometer surface texture and hydrophobic chemistry, can confine random analyte liquid spreading into a much smaller area compared to hydrophilic platforms, tremendously enhancing Raman scattering signals23.…”

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A Thermochromic Superhydrophobic Surface

Cataldi

Bayer

Cingolani

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Highly enhanced solid-state thermochromism is observed in regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene), P3HT, when deposited on a superhydrophobic polymer-SiO2 nanocomposite coating. The conformal P3HT coating on the nanocomposite surface does not alter or reduce superhydrophicity while maintaining its reversible enhanced thermochromism. The polymeric matrix of the superhydrophobic surface is comprised of a blend of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) copolymer and an acrylic adhesive. Based on detailed X-ray diffraction measurements, this long-lasting, repeatable and hysteresis-free thermochromic effect is attributed to the enhancement of the Bragg peak associated with the d-spacing of interchain directional packing (100) which remains unaltered during several heating-cooling cycles. We propose that the superhydrophobic surface confines π–π interchain stacking in P3HT with uniform d-spacing into its nanostructured texture resulting in better packing and reduction in face-on orientation. The rapid response of the system to sudden temperature changes is also demonstrated by water droplet impact and bounce back on heated surfaces. This effect can be exploited for embedded thin film temperature sensors for metal coatings.

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Structural changes in the thermochromic solid-state phase transition of poly(3-alkylthiophene

Cited by 36 publications

References 8 publications

Blend of electroactive poly(3-dodecylthiophene) with comb-like alkylated polyacrylate

Blend of electroactive poly(3-dodecylthiophene) with comb-like alkylated polyacrylate

Hydrodynamic properties and conformation of poly(3-hexylthiophene) in dilute solutions

A Thermochromic Superhydrophobic Surface

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