“…Helium (He) is a by-product of the decay of tritium, and the insolubility of He with metals allows He atoms to be retained within the material leading to the formation of nano-scale bubbles that grow as the concentration of He within the metal increases. The development of these bubbles has been observed experimentally within palladium (Pd) tritide alloys [1,2,3], and analytical [4,5,6,7,8] and computational [9,10,11,12,13] models have been developed to study the processes by which these bubbles form, grow and deform the surrounding metal.…”