Structural change in wood by brown rot fungi and effect on enzymatic hydrolysis

In this study, castor oil-based polyurethanes-organoclay (COPUsCloisite 30B) nanocomposites are synthesized by mixing polypropylene glycol polyol and dehydrated castor oil (15 %), enforced with C30B nanofillers, at different weight percentages. The physico-chemical behaviors were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Fourier scanning electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Thermal stability was found improved up to *30°C in the sample with 5 wt% of C30B. Tensile properties depicted an improvement of *240 % in tensile strength and decrease of *30 % in elongation with 5 wt% organoclay, respectively. Improved physico-chemical properties of COPUs-C30B signify the usage of COPUs-C30B in the industrial and commercial applications, i.e. coatings, adhesives and automotive applications.

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“…11, the crystallinity index (CrI) was calculated from Eq. (1) as per the method proposed by Monrroy et al and Nasir et al [55,56]. …”

Section: Percentage Of Crystallinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of polyurethane–organoclay nanocomposites based on renewable castor oil polyols

2014

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“…Many factors affect the enzymatic hydrolysis of waste paper, including lignin content, enzyme adsorption on lignin, cellulose accessibility, and the degree of polymerization (DP) (Monrroy et al 2011;Wiman et al 2012;Zhang et al 2013). In general, the substrate specific surface area is a primary indicator of cellulose accessibility.…”

Section: Specific Surface Area Of Various Ranks Of Waste Paper Pulpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Properties of Pulp Fractions from Waste Paper

Li¹,

Yu²,

Sun³

et al. 2015

BioResources

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As a lignocellulosic material, wastepaper is a potential material for ethanol production. However, little research on the enzymatic hydrolysis of wastepaper pulp has been conducted. In this study, the enzymatic hydrolysis of different waste pulp fractions (R80 represents greater than 80-mesh wastepaper pulp, R80-180 represents the range of 80-to 180-mesh wastepaper pulp, and R180 represents smaller than 180-mesh waste paper pulp) were carried out at 50 °C, pH 4.8, for 96 h, with a substrate concentration of 5% (w/v) and cellulase loading of 18 FPU/g cellulose. In terms of the specific surface area, fiber structure, and surface morphology, R80-180 had the highest affinity to cellulase and therefore the highest glucose yield of 80.33%. R180 had the lowest glucose yield (55.36%) because of its high ash content (21.36%), which reduced the adsorption of cellulase to cellulose. The enzymatic hydrolysis of R80 mixed with R80 or R80-180 was also studied. Results indicated that adding R80-180 increased the glucose yield of R80. The highest glucose yield (82.57%) was obtained when 15% R80-180 was mixed with R80. However, the glucose content decreased when R180 was mixed with R80 because of its high ash content.

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“…Brown-rot fungi are an exception to the typical observation that lignocellulose must be lignified before access to lignocellulosic polysaccharides is granted, and degradation made possible [4]. They do not degrade lignin directly, but rather modify it by partial oxidization and then preferentially degrade the polysaccharides [36,37]. Wood decomposed by brownrot fungi is therefore characterized by a brown color arising from the residual lignin [33].…”

Section: Fungal Lignin Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to color changes, wood decayed by brown-rot fungi shrinks, breaks into brickshaped pieces and crumbles to a brown powder [38]. Typical examples of brown-rot fungi include Gloeophyllum trabeum, Postia placenta and Fomitopsis palustris [36,39]. The third group of wood-decaying fungi are the soft-rot fungi [4].…”

Section: Fungal Lignin Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin Degradation Processes and the Purification of Valuable Products

Schoenherr¹,

Ebrahimi²,

Czermak³

2018

Lignin - Trends and Applications

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Lignin is a heterogeneous, phenolic and polydisperse biopolymer which resists degradation due to its aromatic and highly branched structure. Lignin is the most abundant renewable source of aromatic molecules on earth. The valorization of lignin could therefore provide a sustainable alternative to petroleum refineries for the production of valuable aromatic compounds. Even so, paper mills and lignocellulose feedstock biorefineries treat lignin largely as a waste product. In paper mills, 98% of technical lignin is incinerated for internal energy recovery while only 2% is used commercially (e.g. for the production of aromatics such as vanillin). The reasons for the underutilization of lignin include its recalcitrance to degradation and the challenge of separating mixtures of numerous degradation products. The successful valorization of lignin in the future thus depends on a broad understanding of biological and technical degradation processes, and the implementation of efficient product purification strategies. This article describes enzymatic, photocatalytic and thermochemical lignin degradation processes and considers purification methods for valuable lignin-derived degradation products. We focus on the potential of membrane-based separation technology, including data from our own recent research.

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Structural change in wood by brown rot fungi and effect on enzymatic hydrolysis

Cited by 103 publications

References 31 publications

Synthesis and characterization of polyurethane–organoclay nanocomposites based on renewable castor oil polyols

Synthesis and characterization of polyurethane–organoclay nanocomposites based on renewable castor oil polyols

Comparative Study of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Properties of Pulp Fractions from Waste Paper

Lignin Degradation Processes and the Purification of Valuable Products

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