Structural case in finnish

Kiparsky, Paul

doi:10.1016/s0024-3841(00)00035-8

Cited by 175 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Such local ambiguity is possible in a wide variety of languages: although languages with free word order often use case to mark GFs on noun phrases, syncretism of case form across multiple GFs is also widespread, being documented in Australian, Finno-Ugric, Indo-European, and Turkic languages (e.g., Carstairs 1984;Comrie 1978Comrie , 1986Kiparsky 2001). The situation with respect to online processing is best documented in German (e.g., (Hemforth, 1993;Schlesewsky et al, 2000;Bornkessel et al, 2002)).…”

Section: The Subject Preferencementioning

confidence: 99%

Expectation-based syntactic comprehension

2008

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This paper investigates the role of resource allocation as a source of processing difficulty in human sentence comprehension. The paper proposes a simple informationtheoretic characterization of processing difficulty as the work incurred by resource reallocation during parallel, incremental, probabilistic disambiguation in sentence comprehension, and demonstrates its equivalence to the theory of Hale (2001), in which the difficulty of a word is proportional to its surprisal (its negative log-probability) in the context within which it appears. This proposal subsumes and clarifies findings that high-constraint contexts can facilitate lexical processing, and connects these findings to well-known models of parallel constraint-based comprehension. In addition, the theory leads to a number of specific predictions about the role of expectation in syntactic comprehension, including the reversal of locality-based difficulty patterns in syntactically constrained contexts, and conditions under which increased ambiguity facilitates processing. The paper examines a range of established results bearing on these predictions, and shows that they are largely consistent with the surprisal theory.

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Section: The Subject Preferencementioning

confidence: 99%

Expectation-based syntactic comprehension

2008

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“…In the present paper it is argued that realization of the subject and the direct object can be accounted for without resorting to thematic hierarchies or to conceptual structures like those proposed by, e.g., Jackendoff (1990b) and Kiparsky (2001). Instead, rules defined over certain semantic features are formulated, which link NPs to the subject and the direct object.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Semantic Features in Argument Selection

Schlesinger

2013

OJML

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One of the problems that has to be dealt with by theorists of early language acquisition theory is the mismatch between semantic constructs, like Agent, and syntactic ones, like subject. It is proposed that the linguistic system is based on semantic features that are more fine-grained than thematic roles, and that selection of subject and direct object can be accounted for by merely four semantic features. These features are conceived of as properties of participants in the lexical entries of verbs, and in this respect, too, they are unlike thematic roles, which are ascribed to NPs in sentences. Thematic roles play a part only in the realization of certain other arguments, notably, the oblique object. It is shown that this different treatment of direct and oblique objects permits a parsimonious explanation of certain linguistic regularities that have posed problems for other theories. Early language acquisition can be explained in terms of the acquisition of these semantic features, and this account thus supersedes the semantic assimilation hypothesis proposed previously to deal with the lack of congruence between thematic roles and syntactic categories.

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“…13 See e.g. Grimshaw (1990), Kiparsky (1992Kiparsky ( , 2001) (Wunderlich (1997(Wunderlich ( , 1997a, Bierwisch (1997), Stiebels (2002 A provisional instantiation of this schema, anticipating certain assumptions to be discussed below, would be the entry (18) for the German Preposition auf (on):…”

Section: Necessary and Plausible Conditions On Formalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thematic roles - universal, particular, and idiosyncratic aspects

Bornkessel¹,

Schlesewsky²,

Comrie³

et al. 2006

Semantic Role Universals and Argument Linking

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Thematic Roles (or Theta-Roles) are theoretical constructs that account for a variety of well known empirical facts, which are more or less clearly delimited. In other words, Theta-Roles are not directly observable, but they do have empirical content that is open to empirical observation. The objective of the present paper is to sketch the nature and content of Theta-Roles, distinguishing their universal foundation as part of the language faculty, their language particular realization, which depends on the conditions of individual languages, and idiosyncratic properties, determined by specific information of individual lexical items.According to general agreement, including traditions of various sorts, the properties Theta-Roles are to account for have to do with the morpho-syntactic realization of semantic relations between parts of complex linguistic expressions. A rather simple case in point is given in (1), where the relation between Brecht, Villon and adaptation in (a) is semantically parallel to that between the corresponding elements in the morpho-syntactically different verbal construction (b):Theta-Roles have to account for the parallel properties as well as the differences of these relations. For general reasons, the underlying theoretical framework must meet the usual conditions of parsimony and adequacy, where (A) Parsimony requires stipulations to be minimized, and (B) Adequacy requires all relevant empirical facts to be taken into account.According (A), the theory of Theta-Roles must not set up principles or entities that follow from independently motivated theoretical assumptions, according to (B) it has to capture semantic, syntactic, morphological, and other phenomena that are related to Thematic Roles, a requirement that is clearly in need of clarification, as there is no simple and a priori delimitation of the phenomena to be included. Some preparatory observations might be helpful in this respect. Five Basic Observations(I) Interface Character: The correspondence between semantic relations and morpho-syntactic properties is not necessarily simple and uniform. Thus, the same semantic properties might be realized by different formal means, a shown in (1), and the same formal means might realize different semantic relations, as illustrated in (2), where the recipient of anziehen (dress) shows up as direct object seinen Sohn in (a) and as indirect object seinem Sohn, marked by the oblique Case in (c), while the direct object den Mantel realizes the object of the action in (b) as well as (c):(2)(a) Peter zieht seinen Sohn an (Peter dresses his son) (b) Peter zieht einen Mantel an (Peter puts a coat on) (c) Peter zieht seinem Sohn einen Mantel an (Peter helps his son to put a coat on)

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Structural case in finnish

Cited by 175 publications

References 18 publications

Expectation-based syntactic comprehension

Expectation-based syntactic comprehension

Semantic Features in Argument Selection

Thematic roles - universal, particular, and idiosyncratic aspects

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