Structural Bridge Engineering

In this article structural concepts peculiarities of bridge structures for mountain conditions were analyzed. It is noted that the mountainous terrain is characterized not only by a complex broken rock but also by the course of earthquakes and their genetic varieties: landslides, avalanches, rockfalls, etc. It is also noted that the interaction of the plain bridge and the environment is one-sided, while mountainous bridges themselves are negatively influenced by the mountainous environment. The Republic of Dagestan territory is considered an example of mountainous terrain. The linking bridge structures problem to various mountainous terrain regions is investigated here. The peculiarity of the mountain rivers and bridge crossings interaction is noted in this paper, as well as the influence of rivers on the constructive justification of the mountain bridges solutions. The possibility of using cascade systems for regulating the mountain rivers water regime for the rational bridge crossings design with several holes is considered. Various options for the bridge crossings placement relative to mountain rivers are given as well as described their peculiarities. Current support parts and expansion joints are considered and analyzed from the mountain bridge use on structures suitability point of view. The necessity of using seismic-insulating expansion joints and their influence on the conditions of vehicles passing through the bridge structure during an earthquake is substantiated here. The problem of using road pavements on mountain bridge structures is noted, the most common road pavements designs are described and analyzed. The concepts of the «ideal» bridge and their applied significance in relation to mountainous terrain are presented. The constructive and technological solutions considered within the framework of this article will improve the bridge structure’s efficiency in mountainous conditions.

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Section: анализ состояния проблемы Analysis Of the Problem Stateunclassified

Constructive and technological substantiation of constructive solutions for mountain bridge structures

Magomedov

Ovchinnikov

2021

Russian journal of transport engineering

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“…This difficulty is due to the immense variability of old stone masonry in terms of materials and construction techniques and the subsequent lack of relevant in-situ or laboratory measurements. Recordings of the dynamic response of a particular structure from in-situ man-made excitations can be utilized in order to validate a given numerical simulation [6,7]. During the past decade, numerous researchers have proposed the application of complex numerical simulations for predicting the performance of old stone masonry structures like then ones investigated here.…”

Section: Observed Structural Performance For a Long Period Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stone masonry bridges are another structural type that suffer from foundation settlement [5]. In this case, foundation deformability, which results from long term river flow or short term turbulent river flow from flooding, also leads to the collapse of such stone masonry structures [6,7]. The worst case scenario for the various masonry structural elements is the accumulation of stress and strain from such long term effects and the absence of any appropriate counter-measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Performance of Unreinforced Stone Masonry Greek “Basilica” Churches When Subjected to Seismic Forces and Foundation Settlement

2019

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Unreinforced stone masonry made of low strength mortar has been used for centuries in forming old type stone masonry churches of the “Basilica” typology. The seismic performance of such stone masonry structures damaged during recent strong seismic activity in Greece, combined with long term effects from foundation settlement, is presented and discussed. A simplified numerical process is presented for evaluating the performance of such damaged stone masonry structures, making use of linear and non-linear numerical tools and assumed limit-state failure criteria. In order to obtain a quantification of the in-plane sliding shear failure criterion, a number of stone masonry wallets were built with weak mortar and were tested in the laboratory. Through the comparison of the obtained numerical predictions with the observed structural behaviour for selected cases of stone masonry “Basilica” churches, the validity of the applied simplified numerical process is demonstrated. It is shown that reasonable approximation of the observed performance of such structures can be obtained when the assumed failure criteria are realistic.

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Traffic Load Model Calibration and Comparison to Evolving Traffic Loads In 2014–2018

Asp,

Laaksonen

2023

BJRBE

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The national calibration of Eurocode load model 1 (LM1) for road bridges was made by a calibration of the load effects of LM1 against the corresponding load effects of a former load model used in Finland. Due to the increased gross vehicle weights in legislation, a national calibration of LM1 was necessary and the stochastic simulation was needed. The aim of this study is to generate a traffic model together with a predictive model for simulation purposes by using and combining long-time monitoring data measured on a road network in different surveys. In this paper, the performance of the predictive model of increases in axle loads and gross vehicle weights is evaluated against short-term bridge weight in motion (BWIM) measurements. The results achieved with a simulation can be used to gain more information of statistical parameters and the evolution of load effects caused on bridges by road traffic in Finland. The simulation model presented in this study served as a basis for updated national calibration of load model LM1. The follow-up comparison between predictive model and traffic monitoring shows the suitability of the estimation of the evolution of traffic loads and also necessity of the raise of LM1.

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Structural Bridge Engineering

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Constructive and technological substantiation of constructive solutions for mountain bridge structures

Constructive and technological substantiation of constructive solutions for mountain bridge structures

Evaluation of the Performance of Unreinforced Stone Masonry Greek “Basilica” Churches When Subjected to Seismic Forces and Foundation Settlement

Traffic Load Model Calibration and Comparison to Evolving Traffic Loads In 2014–2018

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