Structural Brain Changes in Psychotic Disorders, Dissociative Disorders, and After Childhood Adversity

Fosse, Roar; Moskowitz, Andrew; Shannon, Ciarán; Mulholland, Ciaran

doi:10.1002/9781118585948.ch10

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…We hypothesized that some patients would meet the criteria for traumatic positive symptoms in childhood or adulthood and consider these positive symptoms as their worst life event. In line with developmental theories (Fosse et al., 2019), we hypothesized that more patients would consider childhood trauma exposure to be their most distressing compared to adulthood trauma exposure and that both childhood and adulthood traumatic experiences would be associated with more severe psychiatric symptoms.…”

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confidence: 91%

“…Given that childhood is a sensitive period during which important biological (e.g., stress regulation), cognitive–affective (e.g., emotion regulation), and social interaction systems are developing, the deleterious effects of childhood trauma exposure may alter the trajectory of these systems, which, in turn, creates vulnerabilities for psychosis (Alameda et al., 2015; Fosse et al., 2019). Although childhood trauma exposure carries an elevated risk for psychosis in general, previous studies have not evaluated the contributory effects of trauma exposure during adulthood.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Elucidating the Impact of Childhood, Adulthood, and Cumulative Lifetime Trauma Exposure on Psychiatric Symptoms in Early Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

Liu

Mahendran

Chong

et al. 2020

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Cumulative lifetime trauma has a profound impact on the development of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. However, few studies have determined participants’ most distressing (i.e., “worst”) life event in childhood or adulthood or examined whether this event contributes to poorer clinical outcomes. The present study aimed to (a) determine the associations between the worst life event and demographic/clinical variables and (b) examine the associations between the worst life event and psychiatric symptoms (i.e., positive, negative, depressive, and anxiety symptoms). Participants (N = 150) were outpatients newly diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders who were assessed for lifetime trauma exposure, positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the associations between demographic and clinical variables and worst life events (none, childhood, or adulthood). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to examine the associations between worst life events and psychiatric symptoms. More participants reported that their worst life event occurred during adulthood (31.1%) than childhood (21.3%). Adulthood trauma was associated with male gender, older age, non‐Chinese ethnicity, and psychiatric comorbidities; childhood trauma was associated with a family history of depression/anxiety. Adulthood trauma was significantly associated with more severe positive psychotic symptoms, f2 = 0.19, whereas childhood and adulthood trauma exposure were both significantly associated with more severe depressive and anxiety symptoms, f2s = 0.19 and 0.25, respectively. Our findings underscore the importance of conducting assessments for worst life events and the associated risk factors to develop meaningful formulations and appropriate trauma‐focused treatment plans.

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confidence: 91%

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confidence: 99%