“…[54] We hypothesize that KHIs inhibit the growth of clathrate hydrates via a similar mechanism as AFPs, which includes binding to the surface of the crystal [45,46] and inhibiting its growth via the Kelvin effect. [12,42] In this study, using a coldstage, microfluidics, fluorescence microscopy and cryo-TEM, we examined the effect of SFO, phenosafranine (PSF), and Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), [4,17,20,30,31] (Figure 1), on the growth of tetrahydrofuran (THF) hydrates, which form SII hydrates [22,43,45,[59][60][61] that are obtained at ambient pressure. This model system is technically simpler and requires less costly instruments than those used for high pressures for small hydrocarbons, [25,32,62,63] which form SI hydrates.…”