Structural and tectonic interpretation of geophysical data along the Eastern Continental Margin of India with special reference to the deep water petroliferous basins

Bastia, Rabi; Radhakrishna, M.; Srinivas, T.; Nayak, Satyabrata; Nathaniel, D. M.; Biswal, Tapas Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2010.04.031

Cited by 58 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…2), the Eastern Ghat Mobile Belt (EGMB), major shear zones and the rocks belonging to the Southern Granulite Terrain (SGT) at the Indian shield margin, have close linkages with a similar geology along East Antarctica (Yoshida et al 1999). Geophysical studies (Venkatarengan and Ray 1993;Subrahmanyam et al 1995Subrahmanyam et al , 2008Bastia et al 2010;Murthy et al 2010) at the coast revealed the extension of major Precambrian structural trends, basin scale faults/fractures into the offshore areas (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Regional Geotectonic History Of the Bobmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The study area for detailed geophysical data analysis is marked as a square in blue. PCL Palghat Cauvery lineament, MBA Moyar Bhavani Attur lineament, ACT Avanigadda cross trend, CCT Chintalapudi cross-trend, PKL Pudimadaka lineament, VZL Vijayanagaram lineament, COL Chilika offshore lineament, DOL Dhamra offshore lineament, EGMB Eastern Ghat mobile belt, COB continentocean boundary (after Bastia et al 2010;Nemcock et al 2013) the Avanigadda (ACT) and Chintalapudi (CCT) segment of the offshore Krishna-Godavari basin in different subbasins (Venkatarengan and Ray 1993). In the non-basinal area of the margin, near Visakhapatnam, two NW-SE-trending lineaments such as the Pudimadaka (PKL) and the Vijayanagaram (VZL) continue toward offshore.…”

Section: Regional Geotectonic History Of the Bobmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the magnetic anomaly data were retrieved from the global 2 0 9 2 0 resolution Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid (EMAG2), which is a compilation of the CHAMP satellite magnetic anomaly model MF6 (for wavelengths [330 km) as well as the aeromagnetic and marine magnetic data (Maus et al 2009). (4) The multi-channel seismic reflection profiles and oceanic basement trends in the offshore area are compiled from previous investigations (Maurin and Rangin 2009;Bastia et al 2010;Radhakrishna et al 2012).…”

Section: Data Setsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A seismotectonic study of the 21 May 2014 Bay of Bengal intraplate earthquake: evidence of onshore-offshore tectonic linkage and fracture zone reactivation in the northern Bay of Bengal

2015

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The earthquake of 21 May 2014 (Mw 6.0) in the northern Bay of Bengal (BOB) highlights the importance of studies on intraplate earthquakes in the oceanic regime for understanding the stress state of the oceanic lithosphere. The epicenter of the earthquake is located at a water depth of 2.5 km where the sediment thickness is nearly 12 km, and it occurs at a depth of *50 km within the upper mantle. Its location on the seismotectonic map of the region shows that the epicenter is far from the seismically active zone of the Burmese Arc in the east and low-to-moderately active seismic region of the east coast of India in the west. The fault plane solution of this earthquake indicates that it was a strike-slip event with a right-lateral sense of motion on a NW-oriented nodal plane, and it occurred on one of the NW-SE-trending fracture zones previously mapped in the BOB. Based on a compilation of long-term (1900-2011) intraplate earthquakes along with available focal mechanisms in the BOB and the adjoining east coast of India, we conclude the following: (1) the Precambrian structural trends, basin-scale faults and minor lineaments on the east coast of India are favorably reactivated in their offshore extensions up to the shelf-slope areas of the margin; (2) earthquake occurrences in the BOB region can be correlated with the fracture zone trends in the central BOB and along the Ninetyeast ridge or at the intersections of fracture zones with the subsurface trace of the 85°E ridge. The 21 May 2014 earthquake is the result of reactivation of such a NW-SE-trending fracture zone lying in the lithosphere of [100 Ma in age. Further evaluation of this event in light of the global occurrence of oceanic intraplate earthquakes in the older lithosphere ([80 Ma) suggests that such reactivation is possible in the high ambient stress state.

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Section: Regional Geotectonic History Of the Bobmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Regional Geotectonic History Of the Bobmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Setsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A seismotectonic study of the 21 May 2014 Bay of Bengal intraplate earthquake: evidence of onshore-offshore tectonic linkage and fracture zone reactivation in the northern Bay of Bengal

2015

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“…Because melt generation is delayed relative to continental breakup, postbreakup extension is accommodated through the exhumation of the continental lithospheric mantle, rather than through the emplacement and formation of oceanic crust (e.g., Lavier and Manatschal, 2006;Manatschal, 2004). Domains of exhumed lithospheric mantle and magma-poor morphologies have been observed or interpreted along the margins of Iberia-Newfoundland (Boillot et al, 1995;Hopper et al, 2007;Manatschal and Bernoulli, 1999;Péron-Pinvidic and Manatschal, 2009;Reston, 2007;Tucholke and Sibuet, 2007;Van Avendonk et al, 2009;Whitmarsh et al, 2001), Brazil-Angola (Aslanian et al, 2009;Contreras et al, 2010;Contrucci et al, 2004;Mohriak et al, 1990Mohriak et al, , 2008, Southern Australia-East Antarctica (Direen et al, 2007(Direen et al, , 2011Espurt et al, 2012;Gillard et al, 2015Gillard et al, , 2016, the bight of East India (Bastia et al, 2010;Nemčok et al, 2012;Radhakrishna et al, 2012), and the South China Sea (Hayes and Nissen, 2005;Lester et al, 2014;McIntosh et al, 2014;Savva et al, 2013;Yan et al, 2006;Zhou et al, 1995;Zhou and Yao, 2009). This global distribution suggests that development of a magma-poor margin is not a local phenomenon, but a relatively common result of passive continental extension.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences on the development of volcanic and magma-poor morphologies during passive continental rifting

Davis

Lavier

2017

Geosphere

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Numerical experiments of passive continental extension with decompressive mantle melting have been conducted to investigate controls on the development of end-member, volcanic and magma-poor, rifted margins. A prediction of end-member margin morphology is made by comparing the relative timing of continental breakup and start of magmatic emplacement. Volcanic margins are interpreted to form when magmatic emplacement begins prior to the full thinning of the continental crust, while magma-poor margins are predicted to form when continental breakup precedes any magmatic emplacement. Systematic investigations of potential influencing variables demonstrate that a variety of factors may influence this relative timing, with model results producing a spectrum of magmatic character. Of the investigated factors, the initial lithosphere geotherm and crustal thickness appear to be the most significant influences on margin morphology. Independent variation of either variable is capable of altering the predicted end-member morphology between volcanic and magma poor. Variations in mantle potential temperature, extension rate, and crustal rheology demonstrate an ability to influence passive margin magmatic character, but are unable to independently induce development of a magma-poor margin. In aggregate, model results suggest that mantle exhumation and formation of a magma-poor margin are encouraged by: a depressed lithosphere geotherm, thin continental crust, rapid extension rates, low mantle potential temperature, and a strong crustal rheology. Relatively early magmatic emplacement and formation of a volcanic margin is predicted for the majority of modeled conditions, and appears bolstered by: an elevated geotherm, thick continental crust, slow extension, high potential temperature, and a weak crustal rheology. PASSIVE MARGIN MORPHOLOGIC VARIATIONS Volcanic passive margins are characterized by significant magmatic emplacement preceding and/or synchronous with the start of continental rifting (e.g., Geoffroy, 2005; Holbrook and Kelemen, 1993; Mutter et al., 1982). This pre-breakup volcanism indicates the relatively early development of mature magmatic systems that are capable of generating and emplacing significant volumes of melt. These magmatic systems may manifest as onshore igneous emplacements, subaerial seaward-dipping reflector sequences, and/or magmatic underplating of the continental crust (

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“…A number of hydrocarbon potential structures and traps have been identified in the basin over the decades in both onshore and offshore regions and a few of these have already started producing. An enormous thick piles of the Mesozoic to Tertiary sedimentary sequences in KG-B have been delineated from geophysical surveys and the estimated thickness of that sediment is about 8 km (Bastia et al 2010). Such a thick sediment succession is actually controlled in a vast range of geological settings, such as: coastal basin, shelf-slope apron, deepwater fan complex, deep-sea channel, delta, subsurface horst and graben structures, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overpressure Zones in Relation to In Situ Stress for the Krishna-Godavari Basin, Eastern Continental Margin of India: Implications for Hydrocarbon Prospectivity

Chatterjee

Paul²,

Singha

et al. 2015

Springer Geology

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An analysis for over pressure zone (OPZ) prevailing in parts of the Krishna-Godavari Basin (KG-B) at the Eastern Continental Margin of India (ECMI) is found promising from the viewpoint of its hydrocarbon potentials. Pressure coefficients estimated from pore pressure studies reveal that there is a rather extensive (lateral) OPZ in the study area than hitherto expected with maximum pressure coefficient of 1.31 or more. The stress magnitudes like vertical stress (S v ), minimum horizontal stress (S h ) and pore pressure gradient (PPG) and fracture pressure gradient (FPG) are predicted from well log data for 15 available wells distributed over an area of 6022 km 2 in KG-B. The wells are drilled to depths of 3660 m on-land (#Wells 1-9) and up to 4000 m in offshore (#Wells 10-15). The PPG ranges from 11.85 to 13.10 MPa/km, whereas, the FPG varies from 17.40 to 19.78 MPa/km in sediments penetrated by the wells displaying normal pressured sediment to a significantly higher value of 19.78 MPa/km for the over-pressured sediments. The values of vertical stress gradient (VSG) varies from 14.67 to 23.10 MPa/km, whereas, the values of S h magnitude varies from 64 to 77 % of the S v in normally-pressured to over-pressured sediments. VSG, PPG and FPG tend to decrease with corresponding increase in water column for the studied offshore wells. These results are utilized for constructing contour maps for observing the variations in the VSG and in the OPZ-top, also for constructing PPG contour map in 3D along the vertical section connecting all 15 wells extending from onshore to offshore regions. Any significant increase in pore pressure means the decrease of effective horizontal stress in respect of depth. As a result, the safety windows or safe mud-weight windows (the difference between PPG and FPG corresponding to particular depth interval in a well) will also decrease with the increase of PPG and FPG. Analytical approach adopted above is then critically examined to recommend how a priori steps based on petrophysical characters of a formation are closely monitored in time and optimum mud weight maintained during drilling.

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Structural and tectonic interpretation of geophysical data along the Eastern Continental Margin of India with special reference to the deep water petroliferous basins

Cited by 58 publications

References 30 publications

A seismotectonic study of the 21 May 2014 Bay of Bengal intraplate earthquake: evidence of onshore-offshore tectonic linkage and fracture zone reactivation in the northern Bay of Bengal

A seismotectonic study of the 21 May 2014 Bay of Bengal intraplate earthquake: evidence of onshore-offshore tectonic linkage and fracture zone reactivation in the northern Bay of Bengal

Influences on the development of volcanic and magma-poor morphologies during passive continental rifting

Overpressure Zones in Relation to In Situ Stress for the Krishna-Godavari Basin, Eastern Continental Margin of India: Implications for Hydrocarbon Prospectivity

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