Structural and Resting-State Brain Connectivity of Motor Networks After Stroke

Thiel, Alexander; Vahdat, Shahabeddin

doi:10.1161/strokeaha.114.006307

Cited by 76 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…50 Recent advances in basic neuroscience research following acquired brain injury has been complemented by advances in functional MRI that show changes in functional connectivity that are associated with motor impairments and spontaneous recovery. 51 These changes occur within affected and nonaffected territories and reflect a potential target for improving functional recovery in patients with stroke. Transmagnetic stimulation of affected and nonaffected hemispheres has been shown to be beneficial for recovery of motor function in patients with stroke and was associated with functional connectivity of both hemispheres.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropathophysiology of Brain Injury

Quillinan

Herson

Traystman

2016

Anesthesiology Clinics

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Every year in the United States, millions of individuals incur ischemic brain injury from stroke, cardiac arrest, or traumatic brain injury (TBI). These forms of acquired brain injury can lead to death, or in many cases long-term neurologic and neuropsychological impairments. The mechanisms of ischemic and traumatic brain injuries that lead to these deficiencies result from a complex interplay of multiple interdependent molecular pathways that include excitotoxicity, acidotoxicity, ionic imbalance, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. This article briefly reviews several of the traditional, well-known mechanisms of brain injury and then discusses more recent developments and newer mechanisms. Although much is known concerning mechanisms of injury and the manipulation of these mechanisms to result in protection of neurons and increased behavioral performance in animal models of injury, it has been difficult to translate these effects to humans. Attention is given to why this is so and newer outcome measures of injury are discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropathophysiology of Brain Injury

Quillinan

Herson

Traystman

2016

Anesthesiology Clinics

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“…It is possible that in stroke secondary maladaptive changes in remote areas result in changes in the “depression network” which involves connections among neocortex, cingulate, limbic system, striatum, and thalamus (Mayberg, 1997, 2003). In fact, recent neuroimaging studies in stroke confirmed changes to the resting-state networks including the default-mode network (DMN; Wang et al, 2014; Thiel and Vahdat, 2015). Concurring with the “depression network” model, alterations in functional connectivity within DMN are also known to be related to depression (Mayberg, 1997; Greicius et al, 2007; Dutta et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Neurophysiologic Correlates of Post-stroke Mood and Emotional Control

Doruk

Simis

Imamura

et al. 2016

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Objective: Emotional disturbance is a common complication of stroke significantly affecting functional recovery and quality of life. Identifying relevant neurophysiologic markers associated with post-stroke emotional disturbance may lead to a better understanding of this disabling condition, guiding the diagnosis, development of new interventions and the assessments of treatment response.Methods: Thirty-five subjects with chronic stroke were enrolled in this study. The emotion sub-domain of Stroke Impact Scale (SIS-Emotion) was used to assess post-stroke mood and emotional control. The relation between SIS-Emotion and neurophysiologic measures was assessed by using covariance mapping and univariate linear regression. Multivariate analyses were conducted to identify and adjust for potential confounders. Neurophysiologic measures included power asymmetry and coherence assessed by electroencephalography (EEG); and motor threshold, intracortical inhibition (ICI) and intracortical facilitation (ICF) measured by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).Results: Lower scores on SIS-Emotion was associated with (1) frontal EEG power asymmetry in alpha and beta bands, (2) central EEG power asymmetry in alpha and theta bands, and (3) lower inter-hemispheric coherence over frontal and central areas in alpha band. SIS-Emotion also correlated with higher ICF and MT in the unlesioned hemisphere as measured by TMS.Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study using EEG and TMS to index neurophysiologic changes associated with post-stroke mood and emotional control. Our results suggest that inter-hemispheric imbalance measured by EEG power and coherence, as well as an increased ICF in the unlesioned hemisphere measured by TMS might be relevant markers associated with post-stroke mood and emotional control which can guide future studies investigating new diagnostic and treatment modalities in stroke rehabilitation.

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“…Most clinical DTI studies of motor pathways during stroke recovery have focused upon the pyramidal tract as a common outflow pathway that is subject to Wallerian anterograde degeneration downstream from motor stroke [54]. When stroke directly damages a portion of the corticospinal tract, as determined by DTI, the location of damage was found to be far more predictive of recovery outcome than the size of the lesion, and acute-stage DTI predicted motor outcome better than clinical scores [55].…”

Section: Structural Connectivity: Imaging Of White Matter By Diffusiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Translational MR Neuroimaging of Stroke and Recovery

Mandeville

Ayata

Zheng

et al. 2016

Transl. Stroke Res.

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Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a critical clinical tool for diagnosing focal ischemic stroke severity, staging treatment, and predicting outcome. Imaging during the acute phase focuses on tissue viability in the stroke vicinity, while imaging during recovery requires the evaluation of distributed structural and functional connectivity. Preclinical MRI of experimental stroke models provides validation of non-invasive biomarkers in terms of cellular and molecular mechanisms, while also providing a translational platform for evaluation of prospective therapies. This brief review of translational stroke imaging discusses the acute to chronic imaging transition, the principles underlying common MRI methods employed in stroke research, and experimental results obtained by clinical and preclinical imaging to determine tissue viability, vascular remodeling, structural connectivity of major white matter tracts, and functional connectivity using task-based and resting-state fMRI during the stroke recovery process.

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Structural and Resting-State Brain Connectivity of Motor Networks After Stroke

Cited by 76 publications

References 49 publications

Neuropathophysiology of Brain Injury

Neuropathophysiology of Brain Injury

Neurophysiologic Correlates of Post-stroke Mood and Emotional Control

Translational MR Neuroimaging of Stroke and Recovery

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