Structural and optical study of silicate glasses for nonlinear optical devices

Vogel, E.M.; Kosinski, S. G.; Krol, Denise M.; Jackel, J.; Friberg, Stephen R.; Oliver, Melody; Powers, James D.

doi:10.1016/0022-3093(89)90469-9

Cited by 101 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…the NbO 6 -polyhedral cluster, which is capable of reorientation/displacement. It also corroborated the nanocrystallization of niobate phases5928 and the high optical nonlinearity in the Nb 2 O 5 -containing multicomponent glasses2930. Although further studies are necessary to clarify the QLS phenomenon, we hope that this study will provide a better understanding of the relaxation and crystallization in oxide glass.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Structural relaxation and quasi-elastic light scattering in glass: Approach by ferroelectric and ion-conducting phases

Takahashi

Nakamura

Osada

et al. 2012

Sci Rep

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Inelastic light scattering has been utilized for examining the structure of glass and its relaxation. However, the quasi-elastic-light-scattering (QLS) phenomenon has not been addressed in much detail. In this study, we observed pronounced QLS-intensity variations in two temperature domains—supercooled liquid (SCL) state (α-relaxation regime) and below the glass-transition temperature (β-relaxation regime)—in niobium-oxide (Nb2O5)-rich glass. These variations may be interpreted on the basis of the concept of ferroelectric and ion-conducting phases. It was suggested that the observed QLS originates as a result of the polarization fluctuation of NbO6 units, which is due to the dynamics of the nanometric phase separation in the SCL phase (α-regime), and the fluctuation due to the migration/hopping of conductible ions that are localized in the vicinity of the NbO6 units (β-regime).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Structural relaxation and quasi-elastic light scattering in glass: Approach by ferroelectric and ion-conducting phases

Takahashi

Nakamura

Osada

et al. 2012

Sci Rep

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“…3,5,6,33 In particular, the nonlinear response of Nb-containing glasses has previously been observed to increase with the molar fraction of Nb 2 O 5 . [8][9][10]25,33,34 This is the trend observed in the present work in the case of transparent bulk glasses. However, when comparing film and bulk glasses with similar Nb contents (G10, G1), an increase of /v (3) / close to one order of magnitude is observed, which has not been previously reported.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Nb 4þ ions possess a highly delocalized single 4d-electron, 41 which could increase significantly the hyperpolarizability of the 3D Nb-based structures; 34 but at the same time this single electron may be responsible of significant resonant absorption in the visible range due to electronic transitions, 5,42 as it has been evidenced in Ti 3þ containing glasses, 34,43 or in the case of iron oxides with partially filled d-bands. 44 In this latter case, the role of the overlapping of p-d orbitals and thus, of the bond length (l B ), on the intense nonlinear response (v (3) $ 10 À11 -10 À10 esu) was evidenced.…”

Section: Effect Of Nb 41 On /V (3) / Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural origin of the nonlinear optical properties of lead niobium germanate film glasses

Muñoz-Martín¹,

Cruz²,

Fernández-Navarro³

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Physics

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Linear and nonlinear optical susceptibilities and hyperpolarizability of borate LiNaB4O7 single crystals: Theory and experiment J. Appl. Phys. 112, 053526 (2012) Effect of Lorentz local field for optical second order nonlinear susceptibility in ZnO nanorod J. Appl. Phys. 111, 103112 (2012) Size dependent optical properties of the CdSe-CdS core-shell quantum dots in the strong confinement regime J. Appl. Phys. 111, 074312 (2012) Methyl groups at dielectric and metal surfaces studied by sum-frequency generation in co-and counterpropagating configurations J. Chem. Phys. 135, 044704 (2011) The third-order nonlinear optical coefficients of Si, Ge, and Si1−xGex in the midwave and longwave infrared J. Appl. Phys. 110, 011301 (2011) Additional information on J. Appl. Phys. The structural origin of the nonlinear optical susceptibility (/v (3) /) of lead-niobium-germanate film glasses with large Nb 2 O 5 contents has been investigated. /v (3) / shows a strong enhancement with the Nb content in the films with /v (3) / values close to 2 Â 10 À11 esu at 800 nm for a Nb content as high as 0.71. Boling-Glass-Owyoung and Lines' semiempirical models predict accurately the values of /v (3) / for transparent bulk glasses but not for film glasses. This discrepancy is related to the remarkable structural differences between them. Raman spectroscopy suggests the formation of a three-dimensional (3D) structure of [NbO 6 ] octahedra in the case of film glasses having large Nb contents, while X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows that a significant fraction of these units contain Nb 4þ ions. The combination of a 3D structure of [NbO 6 ] with the presence of Nb 4þ polarons and their migration through electron intervalence transfer is proposed as the origin of the observed enhancement of /v (3) / in the film glasses.

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“…Oxide glasses with a high nonlinear index n 2 (Kerr effect) potentially have a better performance than other materials [3]. Moreover, transition metal ions with an empty d shell, such as Nb 5+ , contribute to increase both linear and nonlinear indexes in iono-covalent insulating materials [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%