Structural and morphological control of aligned nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes

Líu, Hao; Zhang, Yong; Li, Ruying; Sun, Xueliang; Désilets, S.; Abou‐Rachid, Hakima; Jaidann, Mounir; Lussier, Louis‐Simon

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2009.12.045

Cited by 347 publications

(207 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Hence, the surface N to C ratio can be higher than obtained from the XPS measurements. indicates the formation of well-graphitized carbon nanotubes [64] and represents the tangential vibration of carbon atoms in graphene sheets [65]. The G-band of the 20-NMWNT sample undergoes a down-shift with respect to that of MWNT from 1603 to 1598 cm -1 (Fig.…”

Section: Investigating the Catalytic Active Sites Of The Nmwnt Catalymentioning

confidence: 99%

Straightforward synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes as highly active bifunctional electrocatalysts for full water splitting

Davodi

Tavakkoli

Lahtinen

et al. 2017

Journal of Catalysis

109

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a b s t r a c tThe success of intermittent renewable energy systems relies on the development of energy storage technologies. Particularly, active and stable water splitting electrocatalysts operating in the same electrolyte are required to enhance the overall efficiency and reduce the costs. Here we report a precise and facile synthesis method to control nitrogen active sites for producing nitrogen doped multi-walled carbon nanotube (NMWNT) with high activity toward both oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions (OER and HER). The NMWNT shows an extraordinary OER activity, superior to the most active non-metal based OER electrocatalysts. For OER, the NMWNT requires overpotentials of only 320 and 360 mV to deliver current densities of 10 and 50 mA cm À2 in 1.0 M NaOH, respectively. This metal-free electrocatalyst also exhibits a proper performance toward HER with a moderate overpotential of 340 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm À2 in 0.1 M NaOH. This catalyst also shows high stability after long-time water oxidation without notable changes in the structure of the material. It is revealed that the electron-withdrawing pyridinic N moieties in the NMWNTs could serve as the active sites for OER and HER. Our findings open up new avenues for the development of metal-free electrocatalysts for full water splitting.

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Section: Investigating the Catalytic Active Sites Of The Nmwnt Catalymentioning

confidence: 99%

Straightforward synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes as highly active bifunctional electrocatalysts for full water splitting

Davodi

Tavakkoli

Lahtinen

et al. 2017

Journal of Catalysis

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Copyright 2017, American Chemical Society form a simple cross-shaped pattern. Although natural cotton fibers are not electrically conductive, a simple heat treatment can convert them to highly conductive carbon fibers, while maintaining the original integrity and flexibility of the fibers [139]. Zhang et al fabricated highly sensitive, wearable strain sensors based on commercial plain weave cotton fabric, which showed a large machinable strain range (> 140%), high sensitivity (strain of 0-80% and strain of 80-140%), unobtrusive drift, and long-term stability, while having the advantages of a low cost and a simple manufacturing process, and versatile applications (Fig.…”

Section: Electronic Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent biomedical applications of bio-sourced materials

Elbaz

Gao

et al. 2018

Bio-des. Manuf.

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Natural anisotropic nanostructures occurring in several organisms have gained more and more attention because of their obvious advantages in sensitivity, stability, security, miniaturization, portability, online use, and remote monitoring. Due to the development of research on nature-inspired bionic structures and the demand for highly efficient, low-cost microfabrication techniques, an understanding of and the ability to replicate the mechanism of structural coloration have become increasingly significant. These sophisticated structures have many unique functions and are used in many applications. Many sensors have been proposed based on their novel structures and unique optical properties. Several of these bio-inspired sensors have been used for infrared radiation/thermal, pH, and vapor techniques, among others, and have been discussed in detail, with an intense focus on several biomedical applications. However, many applications have yet to be discovered. In this review, we will describe these nanostructured materials based on their sources in nature and various structures, such as layered, hierarchical, and helical structures. In addition, we discuss the functions endowed by these structures, such as superhydrophobicity, adhesion, and high strength, enabling them to be employed in a number of applications in biomedical fields, including cell cultivation, biosensors, and tissue engineering.

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“…In other words, the nitrogen of the quaternary nitrogen group, such as ammonium ions, change to pyrrolic or pyridinic group. The binding energy of the pyrrolic and pyridinic group are 400.3 ± 0.3 eV, 398.7 ± 0.3 eV, respectively, and the binding energy of quaternary nitrogen, like ammonium ions, is 401.4 eV [40,41]. Figure 8 shows the comparison of N 1s XPS spectra for each pyrolysis temperature.…”

Section: Change In the Pollution Level Of Scrubbing Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling Possibility of the Salty Food Waste by Pyrolysis and Water Scrubbing

Lee

Kim

et al. 2017

Energies

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Abstract:Salty food waste is difficult to manage with previous methods such as composting, anaerobic digestion, and incineration, due to the hindrance of salt and the additional burden to handle high concentrations of organic wastewater produced when raw materials are cleaned. This study presents a possibility of recycling food waste as fuel without the burden of treatment washing with water by pyrolyzing and scrubbing. For this purpose, salty food waste with 3% NaCl was made using 10 materials and pyrolysis was conducted at temperature range between 200-400 • C. The result was drawn from elementary analysis (EA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) analysis, water quality analysis and calorific value analysis of char, washed char, and washing water. The result of the EA showed that NaCl in food waste could be volatilized at a low pyrolysis temperature of 200-300 • C and it could be concentrated and fixed in char at a high pyrolysis temperature of 300-400 • C. The XPS analysis result showed that NaCl existed in form of chloride. Through the Na content result of the AAS analysis, NaCl remaining in char after water scrubbing was determined to be less than 2%. As the pyrolysis temperature increased, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) value of scrubbing water decreased rapidly, but the total phosphorus and nitrogen contents decreased gradually. The cleaned pyrolysis char showed an increase of higher heating value (HHV) approximately 3667-9920 J/g due to the removal of salt from the char and, especially at 300-400 • C, showed a similar HHV with normal fossil fuels. In conclusion, salty food waste, which is pyrolyzed at a temperature of 300-400 • C and cleaned by water, can be utilized as high-energy refuse derived fuel (RDF), without adverse effects, due to the volatilization of Cl and an additional process of contaminated water.

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Structural and morphological control of aligned nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes

Cited by 347 publications

References 43 publications

Straightforward synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes as highly active bifunctional electrocatalysts for full water splitting

Straightforward synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes as highly active bifunctional electrocatalysts for full water splitting

Recent biomedical applications of bio-sourced materials

Recycling Possibility of the Salty Food Waste by Pyrolysis and Water Scrubbing

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