Structural and metabolic changes in language areas linked to formal thought disorder

Horn, Helge; Federspiel, Andrea; Wirth, Miranka; Müller, Thomas; Wiest, Roland; Wang, Jiong-Jiong; Strik, Werner

doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.107.045633

Cited by 112 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Also, studies using positron emission tomography 56 and functional magnetic resonance imaging 57,58 correlate left STG with FTD, being thus consistent with structural findings.…”

Section: Formal Thought Disorder Is Associated With Structural and Fusupporting

confidence: 74%

Formal Thought Disorder and language impairment in schizophrenia

Radanovic

Sousa

Valiengo

et al. 2012

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Schizophrenia is a psychiatric illness in which disorders of thought content are a prominent feature. The disruption of normal flow of thought, or “Formal Thought Disorder” (FTD), has been traditionally assessed through the content and form of patients’ speech, and speech abnormalities in schizophrenia were considered as a by-product of the disruption in conceptual structures and associative processes related to psychosis. This view has been changed due to increasing evidence that language per se is impaired in schizophrenia, especially its semantic, discursive, and pragmatic aspects. Schizophrenia is currently considered by some authors as a “language related human specific disease” or “logopathy”, and the neuroanatomical and genetic correlates of the language impairment in these patients are under investigation. Such efforts may lead to a better understanding about the pathophysiology of this devastating mental disease. We present some current concepts related to FTD as opposed to primary neurolinguistic abnormalities in schizophrenia.

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“…Also, studies using positron emission tomography 56 and functional magnetic resonance imaging 57,58 correlate left STG with FTD, being thus consistent with structural findings.…”

Section: Formal Thought Disorder Is Associated With Structural and Fusupporting

confidence: 74%

Formal Thought Disorder and language impairment in schizophrenia

Radanovic

Sousa

Valiengo

et al. 2012

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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“…No qualitative distinctions were found between different ASL techniques. All the articles reported significant differences between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls, except for the one by Horn et al 13 , which was the only study to find no differences in rCBF between patients and controls (although the authors found a positive correlation between formal thought disorder and rCBF). It should be mentioned here that the study by Horn et al 13 did not acquire images from superior regions of the brain because of technical limitations.…”

Section: Convergent Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Arterial spin labeling in patients with schizophrenia: a systematic review

Guimarães¹,

Machado‐de‐Sousa²,

Crippa³

et al. 2016

Arch. Clin. Psychiatry (São Paulo)

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Background: Neuroimaging studies are an invaluable source of information about the physiopathology of schizophrenia. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a new magnetic resonance technique (MRI) that is able to effectively evaluate brain function without the use of radiation. Objective: To make a systematic review of studies using ASL to compare resting-state regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) patterns in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Methods: Original articles were searched for on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and PsycINFO electronic databases. The search terms used were 'arterial' , 'spin' , 'labeling' , and 'schizophrenia' . Only studies comparing resting-state rCBF were included, a qualitative synthesis was then performed. Results: Ten articles were included in the review among a total of 22. Decreased rCBF in schizophrenia patients was described in the anterior cingulate, cuneus, fusiform gyrus, frontal lobe, left middle frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, lingual gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, and parietal lobe. The putamen was the only region with increased rCBF in schizophrenia. Discussion: The evidence of the studies reviewed lends support to the concept of hipofrontality in schizophrenia. rCBF alterations were found in regions classically associated with schizophrenia. ASL seems to be valid, and reliable tool to assess schizophrenia.

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“…Most studies of resting perfusion in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders relative to healthy controls, thus, focused predominantly on the hippocampal region. Overall, these studies reported seemingly mixed results, including increases (Friston, Liddle, Frith, Hirsch, & Frackowiak, 1992; Liddle et al, 1992; Malaspina et al, 2004; Pinkham et al, 2011; Schobel et al, 2013, 2009; Talati et al, 2014; Talati, Rane, Skinner, Gore, & Heckers, 2015), decreases (Kindler et al, 2015; Nordahl et al, 1996; Scheef et al, 2010; Tamminga et al, 1992), or no differences (Horn et al, 2009; Ota et al, 2014; Vita et al, 1995). Beyond the hippocampus, other brain regions of significantly elevated resting perfusion in schizophrenia patients compared with healthy controls have involved the basal ganglia and middle temporal lobes (Pinkham et al, 2011), cerebellum, brainstem, and thalamus (Scheef et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased resting perfusion of the hippocampus in high positive schizotypy: A pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling study

Modinos

Egerton

McMullen

et al. 2018

Human Brain Mapping

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Arterial spin labeling (ASL) provides absolute quantification of resting tissue cerebral blood flow (CBF) as an entirely noninvasive approach with good reproducibility. As a result of neurovascular coupling, ASL provides a useful marker of resting neuronal activity. Recent ASL studies in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis (CHR) have reported increased resting hippocampal perfusion compared with healthy controls. Schizotypy refers to the presence of subclinical psychotic‐like experiences in healthy individuals and represents a robust framework to study neurobiological mechanisms involved in the extended psychosis phenotype while avoiding potentially confounding effects of antipsychotic medications or disease comorbidity. Here we applied pseudo‐continuous ASL to examine differences in resting CBF in 21 subjects with high positive schizotypy (HS) relative to 22 subjects with low positive schizotypy (LS), as determined by the Oxford and Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences. Based on preclinical evidence that hippocampal hyperactivity leads to increased activity in mesostriatal dopamine projections, CBF in hippocampus, midbrain, and striatum was assessed. Participants with HS showed higher CBF of the right hippocampus compared to those with LS (p = .031, family‐wise error corrected). No differences were detected in the striatum or midbrain. The association between increased hippocampal CBF and HS supports the notion that hippocampal hyperactivity might be a central characteristic of the extended psychosis phenotype, while hyperactivity in subcortical dopamine pathways may only emerge at a higher intensity of psychotic experiences.

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Structural and metabolic changes in language areas linked to formal thought disorder

Cited by 112 publications

References 48 publications

Formal Thought Disorder and language impairment in schizophrenia

Formal Thought Disorder and language impairment in schizophrenia

Arterial spin labeling in patients with schizophrenia: a systematic review

Increased resting perfusion of the hippocampus in high positive schizotypy: A pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling study

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