Structural and mechanical characterization of as-compacted powder mixtures of graphite and phenolic resin

Cunningham, N.; Lefèvre, Michel; Dodelet, Jean‐Pol; Thomas, Yannig; Pelletier, Sylvain

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2005.06.045

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Cunningham et al [8] previously noted similar behaviour for such graphite composites is the more stable phase and that the rhombohedral phase is thermodynamically unstable. The presence of the latter phase in the natural graphite could have been caused by the milling operation used during its comminution.…”

Section: Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 64%

Properties of graphite composites based on natural and synthetic graphite powders and a phenolic novolac binder

Magampa

Manyala

Focke

2013

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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Model graphite composites, similar to those used in nuclear applications as encasement material in fuel pebbles, were prepared by uniaxial cold compression moulding. They contained natural flake graphite, synthetic graphite and 20 wt.% phenolic novolac resin binder. The materials were carbonised at 900 °C in a nitrogen atmosphere and then annealed at 1800 °C in helium atmosphere. The X-ray diffraction studies showed that the graphite in these composites had hexagonal crystal structure after annealing. Raman spectroscopy revealed the presence of the structurally disordered phase derived from the carbonised resin. Optical microscopy revealed a flake-like microstructure for composites containing mainly natural graphite and needle-coke like particles for composites containing mainly synthetic graphite. The composites featured anisotropic property behaviour as the particles were partially aligned in a direction perpendicular to the compression direction. Thermogravimetric analysis studies showed that the annealed graphite composites were stable in air to 650 °C. The linear thermal expansion coefficients measured by thermomechanical analysis (20-600 °C) in the direction of pressing were in the range 5 to 9×10 -6 K -1 and in the range 1.2-2×10 -6 K -1 in the direction normal to pressing. The thermal conductivity of the composites were measured using Xenon flash method from 100 to 1000 °C and the values ranged from 19 to 30 W.m -1 .K -1 .

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Section: Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 64%

Properties of graphite composites based on natural and synthetic graphite powders and a phenolic novolac binder

Magampa

Manyala

Focke

2013

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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“…Graphite is used in steelmaking electrode bars (high electrical conductivity), silicon ingot manufacturing equipment materials, refractories (heat resistance, dewetting and high-temperature strength), bearings, special machine parts (self-lubrication), cell divider plates, and mechanical seals (air-tightness and fire resistance) [20,21,27,28]. This paper defines artificial graphite in bulk form as bulk graphite, and provides an overview of its classification, materials, molding methods, and heat treatment methods.…”

Section: Bulk Graphitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are widely used in electrodes for electric discharging, jigs, crucibles, heating elements, continuous casting dice, and materials for nuclear reactors due to their high strength, air-tightness, chemical resistance, and machinability [20,21,27,28].…”

Section: Artificial Graphitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The anisotropic ratio is about 1.73 to 25 [5,33]. Anisotropic bulk graphite is used in products requiring high electrical and thermal conductivity, such as steelmaking electrode bars and aluminum smelting electrodes [20,21,27,28]. Table 2 shows the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and CTE ratio (anisotropic ratio) of nuclear graphite, electrode graphite and pyrolytic graphite.…”

Section: Artificial Graphitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flake graphite is characterized by its high anisotropy in physical, electrical, and mechanical properties. As such, natural graphite is widely used in solid lubricants, crucibles, refractories, pencils, and electrode materials for batteries [20,21,27,28].…”

Section: Filler Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Bulk graphite: materials and manufacturing process

Lee¹,

Kang²,

Roh³

2015

Carbon letters

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Graphite can be classified into natural graphite from mines and artificial graphite. Due to its outstanding properties such as light weight, thermal resistance, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, chemical stability, and high-temperature strength, artificial graphite is used across various industries in powder form and bulk form. Artificial graphite of powder form is usually used as anode materials for secondary cells, while artificial graphite of bulk form is used in steelmaking electrode bars, nuclear reactor moderators, silicon ingots for semiconductors, and manufacturing equipment. This study defines artificial graphite as bulk graphite, and provides an overview of bulk graphite manufacturing, including isotropic and anisotropic materials, molding methods, and heat treatment.

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Synthesis and characterization of aryl boron-containing thermoplastic phenolic resin with high thermal decomposition temperature and char yield

Feng

Chen

et al. 2016

J Polym Res

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Structural and mechanical characterization of as-compacted powder mixtures of graphite and phenolic resin

Cited by 19 publications

References 10 publications

Properties of graphite composites based on natural and synthetic graphite powders and a phenolic novolac binder

Properties of graphite composites based on natural and synthetic graphite powders and a phenolic novolac binder

Bulk graphite: materials and manufacturing process

Synthesis and characterization of aryl boron-containing thermoplastic phenolic resin with high thermal decomposition temperature and char yield

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