Structural and magnetic properties of Mn-doped ZnO powders

Sol–gel synthesis and room temperature ferromagnetism in Mn doped ZnO nanocrystals

“…8). Our result is similar with others reports where M S and H c changes have the same behavior [36][37][38]. Chattopadhyay et al [39].…”

Co–Ga codoping effect on preferred growth orientations and properties of ferromagnetic ZnO thin films

“…Also, since the isolated Co 2 þ ions have a short-range magnetic interaction, the carrier density is not the key factor for the formation of room temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM). On the contrary, it is widely accepted that defects can play an important role for ferromagnetic ordering in ZnO-based DMSs [19,30,31]. The introduction of impurities into ZnO will induce different defects such as The in-plane magnetization shows a smaller saturated moment than out-of-plane magnetization.…”

Variation of structural, optical and magnetic properties with Co-doping in Sn1−xCoxO2 nanoparticles

“…According to this model, the magnetization of system is assumed to result from regions of correlated and isolated spins. The magnetization that is due to the correlated spins is FM, whereas the magnetization that originates from isolated spins is PM [33]. Thus the localized spins of the Co ions interact with the bound electrons in defects like oxygen vacancies, resulting in FM regions to overlap giving rise to longrange FM order, while the uncoupled Co spins bring about PM order.…”