Structural and magnetic alteration of Cu2GaBO5 forced by Mn3+ doping

Multicomponent flux growth and composition control of Cu2MnBO5:Ga ludwigites

“…The study of the thermodynamic and magnetic properties revealed the lowtemperature magnetic phase transition inherited from the parent Cu 2 GaBO 5 in all the samples with different magnetic ordering types for each compound. 11 This study continues the investigation of Cu 2 Ga 1−x Mn x BO 5 solid solutions taking into account the results obtained earlier. 11 Another approach is used: instead of substituting Cu 2 GaBO 5 with Mn 3+ cations, Ga 3+ ions were added to Cu 2 MnBO 5 and consequently, Cu 2 Mn 1−x Ga x BO 5 solid solutions were under study.…”

“…The structural data obtained by the powder X-ray diffraction were analyzed along with the EDX results. The concentration dependence of the lattice parameters of the Cu 2 Ga 1−x Mn x BO 5 ludwigites including the earlier obtained compounds 11 with the high gallium content is presented in Fig. 2.…”

“…This is an attempt to compensate for the difference in the solubility of Mn 2 O 3 and Ga 2 O 3 in the used flux system and to achieve the desired Mn/Ga ratio in the crystal. 11 Bi 2 Mo 3 O 12 -based fluxes are characterized by low viscosity and low melting temperature, and they are successfully used for the crystal growth of many compounds. 17 This solvent type is used to grow numerous ludwigites, including Cu-containing ones.…”

“…The recent study 11 shows the difference between the partition coefficients of Mn 2 O 3 and Ga 2 O 3 in fluxes based on Bi 2 Mo 3 O 12 with the addition of Na 2 B 4 O 7 upon the crystallization of Cu 2 Ga 1−x Mn x BO 5 solid solutions. The latter significantly influenced the composition of the crystallizing phase: the actual manganese cation content in the crystals was smaller than the manganese content in the flux, leading to a noticeable decrease in the effective magnetic moments and ordering temperatures.…”

“…[8][9][10] To obtain the stoichiometric composition, it is necessary to provide a detailed study of the solubility of individual components of the crystal-forming compounds (including its thermal dependence); the partition coefficients of different components can have a huge difference, leading to the inconsistency of the actual composition with the one determined by the flux and to a change in the physical and chemical properties of the grown crystals. 11 The construction of the phase diagram of systems with a complex solvent and soluble substance is an almost unsolvable problem.…”