Structural and Immunochemical Studies on D-Arabino-D-Mannans and D-Mannans of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterium Species1

Abstract

Serologically active D-arabino-D-mannas ([alpha]D, +82 degrees approximately 89 degrees; ratio of D-arabinose to D-mannose, 1-2:1) were isolated from the soluble fraction of disintegrated cells of M. tuberculosis, M. smegmatis, and several other Mycobacterium species. These arabinomannans had similar structures, consisting of alpha-(1 leads to 5)-linked D-arabinose residues and alpha-(1 leads to 6)-, and (1 leads to 2)-linked D-mannose residues. Methylation and enzymic degradation studies using Arthrobacter sp. alpha-D-mannosidase and M-2 enzyme (D-arabinan hydrolase) indicated that the arabinomannan of M. tuberculosis Aoyama B possesses short side chains built up from alpha-(1 leads to 2)-D-mannosidic linkages which are attached to an alpha-(1 leads to 6)-linked mannan back-bone chain. The alpha-(1 leads to 5)-linked D-arabinose residues located in the side chains were shown, by comparison of the immunochemical activities of the native and enzyme-degraded polysaccharides, to be the main immunodeterminants, as in the cell-wall arabinogalactan. There appeared to be variations in the ratio of arabinose and mannose residues, and also in the proportion of (1 leads to 2)-linked D-mannose units, depending on the individual strain; no (1 leads to 2)-mannosidic linkage was found in M. smegmatis arabinomannan. In addition to arabinomannan, a serologically inactive alpha-D-mannan ([alpha)D, +65 degrees approximately 68 degrees), whose structure may resemble that of the core mannan of the arabinomannan, was isolated as a copper hydroxide complex from the soluble fraction of disintegrated mycobacterial cells.

The MPB83 Antigen from Mycobacterium bovis ContainsO-Linked Mannose and (1 → 3)-Mannobiose Moieties

“…Whereas MPT32 contains (1 3 2)-linked mannobiose and (1 3 2),(1 3 2)-linked mannotriose, the terminal mannose in MPB83 is (1 3 3)-linked. The Man(1 3 2)Man linkage seen in MPT32 is also seen as a branching linkage in the mannan backbone of LAM (42), in the di-and trimannosyl units of the Man cap of LAM (43) and as one of the linkages for the mannose present in the phosphatidylinositol mannoside (PIM) family of mycoabacterial phospholipids such as PIM 5 and PIM 6 (44,45). In contrast the (1 3 3) linkage of the mannobiose glycan of MPB83 is not a configuration previously identified within the M. tuberculosis complex.…”

Start a Research on Biopolymer Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA): A Review

“…However, some Gram-positive bacteria are known to produce lipidated macroamphiphiles including lipoglycans and lipoteichoic acids (LTA), which have immunogenic properties similar to LPS [102]. The bacterial genera Corynebacterium, Nocardia, Rhodococcus reportedly produce lipoglycans [106][107][108]; and while LTA production occurs in the genera Bacillus, Clostridium, and Staphylococcus [109,110], some PHA-producing strains from these genera lack LTA [111,112]. Further investigation will be required to verify if there are alternative lipidated macroamphiphiles in Gram-positive and PHA-producing bacteria.…”

Purification and Characterization of β-d-Galactosidase and α-d-Mannosidase from Papaya (Carica papaya) Seeds

“…The Michaelis constant and initial velocity of ct-D-mannosidase on these substrates are summarized in Table VI The hydrolytic capabilities of this enzyme on ex-D-mannose residues of some polysaccharides, such as D-arabino-D-mannan of M. tuberculosis 21 ) and D-galacto"7D-mannan of Altenaria kikuchiana 22 ). were also examined.…”