Structural and functional organization of the fengycin synthetase multienzyme system from Bacillus subtilis b213 and A1/3

Steller, Sigrid; Vollenbroich, Dirk; Leenders, Frank; Stein, Torsten; Conrad, Birgit; Hofemeister, J.; Jacques, Philippe; Thonart, Philippe; Vater, Joachim

doi:10.1016/s1074-5521(99)80018-0

Cited by 138 publications

(104 citation statements)

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“…The antibiotics produced by Bacillus are more effective against Gram-positive organisms; however, compounds such as polymyxin, colistin, and circulin exhibit activity against Gram negative organisms [5]. Lipopeptides produced by Bacillus also demonstrate anti-fungal [6], anti-viral [7], anti-ameobocytic [8] and anti-mycoplasma [9] activities. Lipopeptide antibiotics are members of a particular antibiotic class formed by surfactin [10], iturin [11], fengycin [12] and plipastatin [13] families.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteria Exhibiting Antimicrobial Activities; Screening for Antibiotics and the Associated Genetic Studies

Al-Ajlani¹,

Hasnain²

2010

TOPROCJ

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A total of 118 bacterial strains were isolated from six different soil samples from different parts of Pakistan. 50 out of these strains exhibited antagonistic activities against at least two or more strain from a panel of pathogenic and nonpathogenic microorganisms. Tested strains included three sets; environmental, laboratory and multidrug resistant clinical isolates. Twelve strains exhibited diverse spectrum of activity are focus of further work. The bacterial species identified include Bacillus subtilis, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. cereus, and B. licheniformis. Identified strains showed interesting biological activities e.g. inhibiting the growth of clinical isolates (Klebsilla species), strong antifungal and anti-algal activities and high toxicity against Artemia sp., while their TLC and HPLC profile showed an impressive chemical diversity. All the strains were able to produce number of peptides (surfactins, iturins, fengycins, subtilin and subtilosin) in different combinations. Presence of sboX gene was not correlated with subtilosin production, however, subtilosin and sboX were confirmed in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens for the first time.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteria Exhibiting Antimicrobial Activities; Screening for Antibiotics and the Associated Genetic Studies

Al-Ajlani¹,

Hasnain²

2010

TOPROCJ

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“…Surfactin is a multifunctional lipopeptide that provides surfactant and signaling activities required for motility and biofilm development (2)(3)(4). Plipastatin is a lipopeptide with antifungal properties (5,6). A third gene cluster (pksA-pksS; 78 kb) encodes machinery for the production of bacillaene, a hybrid nonribosomal peptide/polyketide (NRP/PK) produced by B. subtilis (7,8).…”

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Bacterial Competition Reveals Differential Regulation of the pks Genes by Bacillus subtilis

2014

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“…For example, a well-established bioindicator strain for sterilization control, ATCC 6633 (11), was investigated with respect to biosynthesis of the lantibiotic subtilin (4,8,16,27) and its regulation (26,28). In a series of B. subtilis strains production of the nonribosomally synthesized cyclic lipopeptides surfactin, fengycin, and the iturins, including mycosubtilin, with different compositions has been observed (9,18,20,31).Subtilosin is a macrocyclic bacteriocin with three intramolecular bridges (14,19). An acidic isoelectric point differentiates subtilosin from the basic lantibiotics (13, 24).…”

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Subtilosin Production by Two Bacillus subtilis Subspecies and Variance of the sbo-alb Cluster

Stein

Düsterhus

Stroh

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Eight different Bacillus subtilis strains and Bacillus atrophaeus were found to produce the bacteriocin subtilosin A. On the basis of the subtilosin gene (sbo) sequences two distinct classes of B. subtilis strains were distinguished, and they fell into the two B. subtilis subspecies (B. subtilis subsp. subtilis and B. subtilis subsp. spizizenii). The entire sequence of the subtilosin gene cluster of a B. subtilis subsp. spizizenii strain, B. subtilis ATCC 6633, was determined. This sequence exhibited a high level of homology to the sequence of the sbo-alb gene locus of B. subtilis 168. By using primer extension analysis the transcriptional start sites of sbo in B. subtilis strains ATCC 6633 and 168 were found to be 47 and 45 bp upstream of the sbo start codon, respectively. Our results provide insight into the incipient evolutionary divergence of the two B. subtilis subspecies.Almost 4% of the 4.2-Mbp Bacillus subtilis 168 genome codes for proteins similar to the proteins involved in the biosynthesis of antimicrobial metabolites (17). However, B. subtilis 168 produces only a few antibiotics because several of the biosynthetic pathways are not functional, most likely because of the X-ray mutation of the original Marburg strain (6). In contrast, various other B. subtilis wild-type strains produce characteristic cocktails of numerous peptide antibiotics (1, 18). For example, a well-established bioindicator strain for sterilization control, ATCC 6633 (11), was investigated with respect to biosynthesis of the lantibiotic subtilin (4,8,16,27) and its regulation (26,28). In a series of B. subtilis strains production of the nonribosomally synthesized cyclic lipopeptides surfactin, fengycin, and the iturins, including mycosubtilin, with different compositions has been observed (9,18,20,31).Subtilosin is a macrocyclic bacteriocin with three intramolecular bridges (14,19). An acidic isoelectric point differentiates subtilosin from the basic lantibiotics (13, 24). Subtilosin transcription is increased under oxygen-limited and anaerobic conditions (22; T. Stein, S. Düsterhus, A. Stroh, and K.-D. Entian, 10th Int. Conf. Bacilli, abstr. P103, p. 65, 1999). The production of mature subtilosin is based on the expression of the sbo-alb gene cluster encompassing the subtilosin structural gene sbo and genes involved in posttranslational modification and processing of presubtilosin and in immunity (34, 35).Here we describe subtilosin production by eight different B. subtilis wild-type strains and Bacillus atrophaeus. The sbo genes of these organisms, as well as the entire subtilosin gene cluster of B. subtilis ATCC 6633, were sequenced in order to analyze the genetic variation between B. subtilis wild-type strains. MATERIALS AND METHODSStrains and plasmids. Strains used in this work are listed in Table 1. Recombinant plasmids were amplified in Escherichia coli DH5␣ or TG1 grown in Luria-Bertani medium (GIBCO, Neu-Isenburg, Germany). B. subtilis was grown either on TY (0.8% tryptone, 0.5% yeast extract [Difco, Detroit, Mich.], 0.5% N...

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Structural and functional organization of the fengycin synthetase multienzyme system from Bacillus subtilis b213 and A1/3

Cited by 138 publications

References 40 publications

Bacteria Exhibiting Antimicrobial Activities; Screening for Antibiotics and the Associated Genetic Studies

Bacteria Exhibiting Antimicrobial Activities; Screening for Antibiotics and the Associated Genetic Studies

Bacterial Competition Reveals Differential Regulation of the pks Genes by Bacillus subtilis

Subtilosin Production by Two Bacillus subtilis Subspecies and Variance of the sbo-alb Cluster

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