Structural and Functional Diversification of SEPALLATA Genes TM5 and RIN in Tomato Species (Section Lycopersicon)

Слугина, М. А.; Dyachenko, E. A.; Кочиева, Е. З.; Щенникова, А. В.

doi:10.1134/s1607672920030102

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It is known that SlMADS5 is not expressed in tomato leaves and roots and is expressed in flowers and fruits (Slugina et al, 2020). Also, SlMADS5 mRNA is present in the meristem domains that correspond to the future three inner whorls of the tomato flower, as well as during organogenesis and in the corresponding mature organs (Pnueli et al, 1991(Pnueli et al, , 1994.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The only representative of the tomato clade SEP3, TF SlMADS5, is involved in determining the identity of the organs of the three inner flower whorls (Pnueli et al, 1994), interacting with MADS-TFs of the SEP and AG subfamilies (Leseberg et al, 2008). Despite the SEP3 significance, this gene variability has been characterized in cultivated and wild tomato species, and the SlMADS5 expression was observed in some organs and tissues (Pnueli et al, 1994;Slugina et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the structure and function of the tomato Solanum lycopersicum L. MADS-box gene SlMADS5

Dyachenko

et al. 2021

Vestn. VOGiS

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At all stages of flowering, a decisive role is played by the family of MADS-domain transcription factors, the combinatorial action of which is described by the ABCDE-model of flower development. The current volume of data suggests a high conservatism of ABCDE genes in angiosperms. The E-proteins SEPALLATA are the central hub of the MADS-complexes, which determine the identity of the floral organs. The only representative of the SEPALLATA3 clade in tomato Solanum lycopersicum L., SlMADS5, is involved in determining the identity of petals, stamens, and carpels; however, data on the functions of the gene are limited. The study was focused on the SlMADS5 functional characterization. Structural and phylogenetic analyses of SlMADS5 confirmed its belonging to the SEP3 clade. An in silico expression analysis revealed the absence of gene transcripts in roots, leaves, and shoot apical meristem, and their presence in flowers, fruits, and seeds at different stages of development. Two-hybrid analysis showed the ability of SlMADS5 to activate transcription of the target gene and interact with TAGL1. Transgenic plants Nicotiana tabacum L. with constitutive overexpression of SlMADS5 cDNA flowered 2.2 times later than the control; plants formed thickened leaves, 2.5–3.0 times thicker stems, 1.5–2.7 times shortened internodes, and 1.9 times fewer flowers and capsules than non-transgenic plants. The flower structure did not differ from the control; however, the corolla petals changed color from light pink to magenta. Analysis of the expression of SlMADS5 and the tobacco genes NtLFY, NtAP1, NtWUS, NtAG, NtPLE, NtSEP1, NtSEP2, and NtSEP3 in leaves and apexes of transgenic and control plants showed that SlMADS5 mRNA is present only in tissues of transgenic lines. The other genes analyzed were highly expressed in the reproductive meristem of control plants. Gene transcripts were absent or were imperceptibly present in the leaves and vegetative apex of the control, as well as in the leaves and apexes of transgenic lines. The results obtained indicate the possible involvement of SlMADS5 in the regulation of flower meristem development and the pathway of anthocyanin biosynthesis in petals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the structure and function of the tomato Solanum lycopersicum L. MADS-box gene SlMADS5

Dyachenko

et al. 2021

Vestn. VOGiS

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“…TM5 is the only representative of the SEPALLATA3 clade, and it is involved in determining the identity of petals, stamens, and carpels in tomatoes [76]. TM5, together with other transcription factors like RIN, is involved in the regulation of fruit development [77]. TM5 may act altogether with TM29 [78].…”

Section: Meristem Transitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Advances in the Study of Regulation of Tomato Flowering-Related Genes Using Biotechnological Approaches

Baranov,

Dolgov,

Timerbaev

2024

Plants

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The tomato is a convenient object for studying reproductive processes, which has become a classic. Such complex processes as flowering and fruit setting require an understanding of the fundamental principles of molecular interaction, the structures of genes and proteins, the construction of signaling pathways for transcription regulation, including the synchronous actions of cis-regulatory elements (promoter and enhancer), trans-regulatory elements (transcription factors and regulatory RNAs), and transposable elements and epigenetic regulators (DNA methylation and acetylation, chromatin structure). Here, we discuss the current state of research on tomatoes (2017–2023) devoted to studying the function of genes that regulate flowering and signal regulation systems using genome-editing technologies, RNA interference gene silencing, and gene overexpression, including heterologous expression. Although the central candidate genes for these regulatory components have been identified, a complete picture of their relationship has yet to be formed. Therefore, this review summarizes the latest achievements related to studying the processes of flowering and fruit set. This work attempts to display the gene interaction scheme to better understand the events under consideration.

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“…Therefore, based on phylogenetics combined with considerable and dynamic expression in the TM, we selected MBP23, TM3, STM3 and MBP18 as targets to further study the role of SOC1-like genes during reproductive meristem development in tomato. To gain more insight into the overlapping and specific functions of the four selected tomato SOC1 homologs, we investigated their interactions with several other tomato MADS-domain proteins linked to flowering [8][9][10][11]36,37]. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) assays showed a broad and largely overlapping protein-protein interaction profile for TM3 and STM3, which was clearly distinguishable from the interaction profiles of MBP23 and MBP18 (Figure 2a and Supplementary Figure S2).…”

Section: Expression Of Tomato Soc1 Homologs Peaks During the Primary ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

TM3 and STM3 Promote Flowering Together with FUL2 and MBP20, but Act Antagonistically in Inflorescence Branching in Tomato

Zahn,

Roelofsen,

Angenent

et al. 2023

Plants

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The moment at which a plant transitions to reproductive development is paramount to its life cycle and is strictly controlled by many genes. The transcription factor SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1) plays a central role in this process in Arabidopsis. However, the role of SOC1 in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) has been sparsely studied. Here, we investigated the function of four tomato SOC1 homologs in the floral transition and inflorescence development. We thoroughly characterized the SOC1-like clade throughout the Solanaceae and selected four tomato homologs that are dynamically expressed upon the floral transition. We show that of these homologs, TOMATO MADS 3 (TM3) and SISTER OF TM3 (STM3) promote the primary and sympodial transition to flowering, while MADS-BOX PROTEIN 23 (MBP23) and MBP18 hardly contribute to flowering initiation in the indeterminate cultivar Moneyberg. Protein–protein interaction assays and whole-transcriptome analysis during reproductive meristem development revealed that TM3 and STM3 interact and share many targets with FRUITFULL (FUL) homologs, including cytokinin regulators. Furthermore, we observed that mutating TM3/STM3 affects inflorescence development, but counteracts the inflorescence-branching phenotype of ful2 mbp20. Collectively, this indicates that TM3/STM3 promote the floral transition together with FUL2/MBP20, while these transcription factors have opposite functions in inflorescence development.

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Structural and Functional Diversification of SEPALLATA Genes TM5 and RIN in Tomato Species (Section Lycopersicon)

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Analysis of the structure and function of the tomato <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L. MADS-box gene <i>SlMADS5</i>

Analysis of the structure and function of the tomato <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L. MADS-box gene <i>SlMADS5</i>

New Advances in the Study of Regulation of Tomato Flowering-Related Genes Using Biotechnological Approaches

TM3 and STM3 Promote Flowering Together with FUL2 and MBP20, but Act Antagonistically in Inflorescence Branching in Tomato

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