Structural and functional analysis of rice genome

Abstract

Rice is an excellent system for plant genomics as it represents a modest size genome of 430 Mb. It feeds more than half the population of the world. Draft sequences of the rice genome, derived by whole-genome shotgun approach at relatively low coverage (4-6 X), were published and the International Rice Genome Sequencing Project (IRGSP) declared high quality (>10 X), genetically anchored, phase 2 level sequence in 2002. In addition, phase 3 level finished sequence of chromosomes 1, 4 and 10 (out of 12 chromosomes of rice) has already been reported by scientists from IRGSP consortium. Various estimates of genes in rice place the number at >50,000. Already, over 28,000 full-length cDNAs have been sequenced, most of which map to genetically anchored genome sequence. Such information is very useful in revealing novel features of macro- and micro-level synteny of rice genome with other cereals. Microarray analysis is unraveling the identity of rice genes expressing in temporal and spatial manner and should help target candidate genes useful for improving traits of agronomic importance. Simultaneously, functional analysis of rice genome has been initiated by marker-based characterization of useful genes and employing functional knock-outs created by mutation or gene tagging. Integration of this enormous information is expected to catalyze tremendous activity on basic and applied aspects of rice genomics.

Auxin Influx Activity Is Associated with Frankia Infection during Actinorhizal Nodule Formation in Casuarina glauca

“…Interestingly, AUX-LAX gene structure is slightly different in rice (Oryza sativa sp. japonica 'Nipponbare,' five genes in the annotated genome; Tyagi et al, 2004), where three genes have seven exons like AtAUX1 and the two others have five and two exons, respectively. However, the position of the conserved introns is similar (data not shown), suggesting that this gene structure preceded the divergence of monocots and dicots and that a loss of introns is responsible for the observed differences in intron-exon number.…”

Changes in physical, cooking, textural properties and crystallinity upon iron fortification of red rice (Jyothi)

“…About 90 % of the world's rice is grown and consumed in Asia (Tyagi et al 2004). There are red and black paddy varieties which have about 38 % more protein, about 18 % more crude fiber and are richer in lysine, vitamin B 1 and other minerals compared to conventional varieties (Chaudhary and Tran 2001).…”

Studies on Grain Yield, Physico-Chemical and Cooking Characters of Elite Rice Varieties (Oryza sativa L.) in Eastern India

“…More than 90% world rice is grown and consumed in Asia (Tyagi et al, 2004), where as 60% calories are consumed by 3 billion Asians. India is the second most populous nation, stands first in areas, second in production followed and preceded by China.…”