Structural and functional adaptations of the mammalian nuclear envelope to meet the meiotic requirements

Link, Jana; Jahn, Daniel; Alsheimer, Manfred

doi:10.1080/19491034.2015.1004941

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…These deficiencies included shortened telomeres, SCs without telomeres, telomeres that have apparently been broken off SCs, and telomere fusions. To test the contribution of individual kleisins to telomere integrity, we stained chromosome spreads of wt and all mutants by FISH for telomeric sequences (telo-FISH), by anti-RAP1 for this telomere-specific protein, and by anti-SUN1 for association of telomeres with the SUN/KASH complex (reviewed in [27]), which anchors telomeres at the nuclear membrane in early prophase I (Fig 7A–7D; S11 Fig). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct Roles of Meiosis-Specific Cohesin Complexes in Mammalian Spermatogenesis

et al. 2016

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Mammalian meiocytes feature four meiosis-specific cohesin proteins in addition to ubiquitous ones, but the roles of the individual cohesin complexes are incompletely understood. To decipher the functions of the two meiosis-specific kleisins, REC8 or RAD21L, together with the only meiosis-specific SMC protein SMC1β, we generated Smc1β-/-Rec8-/- and Smc1β-/-Rad21L-/- mouse mutants. Analysis of spermatocyte chromosomes revealed that besides SMC1β complexes, SMC1α/RAD21 and to a small extent SMC1α/REC8 contribute to chromosome axis length. Removal of SMC1β and RAD21L almost completely abolishes all chromosome axes. The sex chromosomes do not pair in single or double mutants, and autosomal synapsis is impaired in all mutants. Super resolution microscopy revealed synapsis-associated SYCP1 aberrantly deposited between sister chromatids and on single chromatids in Smc1β-/-Rad21L-/- cells. All mutants show telomere length reduction and structural disruptions, while wild-type telomeres feature a circular TRF2 structure reminiscent of t-loops. There is no loss of centromeric cohesion in both double mutants at leptonema/early zygonema, indicating that, at least in the mutant backgrounds, an SMC1α/RAD21 complex provides centromeric cohesion at this early stage. Thus, in early prophase I the most prominent roles of the meiosis-specific cohesins are in axis-related features such as axis length, synapsis and telomere integrity rather than centromeric cohesion.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct Roles of Meiosis-Specific Cohesin Complexes in Mammalian Spermatogenesis

et al. 2016

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“…These findings in S. pombe provided the first demonstration that the LINC complex mediates chromosome movements by cytoskeletal driving forces across the intact NE. Clustering of meiotic telomeres through the LINC complex has been confirmed in mammals as well (Morimoto et al ., ; Shibuya and Watanabe, ; Link et al ., ).…”

Section: Compartmentalized Organization Of the Nucleusmentioning

confidence: 97%

Spatial organization of theSchizosaccharomyces pombegenome within the nucleus

Matsuda

Asakawa

Haraguchi

et al. 2016

Yeast

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The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is a useful experimental system for studying the organization of chromosomes within the cell nucleus. S. pombe has a small genome that is organized into three chromosomes. The small size of the genome and the small number of chromosomes are advantageous for cytological and genomewide studies of chromosomes; however, the small size of the nucleus impedes microscopic observations owing to limits in spatial resolution during imaging. Recent advances in microscopy, such as super-resolution microscopy, have greatly expanded the use of S. pombe as a model organism in a wide range of studies. In addition, biochemical studies, such as chromatin immunoprecipitation and chromosome conformation capture, have provided complementary approaches. Here, we review the spatial organization of the S. pombe genome as determined by a combination of cytological and biochemical studies.

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“…Meiosis represents a key event of spermatogenesis that leads to haploidization of the genome. This process is accompanied by dramatic changes in chromosome spatial arrangement and exchange of genetic material during prophase I, which are mediated by NE proteins in collaboration with surrounding cytoskeletal elements (Kracklauer et al ., ; Link, Jahn & Alsheimer, ). In pre‐meiotic germline cells, homologous chromosomes are dispersed throughout the nuclear interior.…”

Section: Nuclear Remodelling During Spermatogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear envelope dynamics during mammalian spermatogenesis: new insights on male fertility

et al. 2019

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The production of highly specialized spermatozoa from undifferentiated spermatogonia is a strictly organized and programmed process requiring extensive restructuring of the entire cell. One of the most remarkable cellular transformations accompanying the various phases of spermatogenesis is the profound remodelling of the nuclear architecture, in which the nuclear envelope (NE) seems to be crucially involved. In recent years, several proteins from the distinct layers forming the NE (i.e. the inner and outer nuclear membranes as well as the nuclear lamina) have been associated with meiosis and/or spermiogenesis in different mammalian species. Among these are A-and B-type lamins, Dpy-19-like protein 2 (DPY19L2), lamin B receptor (LBR), lamina-associated polypeptide 1 (LAP1), LAP2/emerin/MAN1 (LEM) domain-containing proteins, spermatogenesis-associated 46 (SPATA46) and diverse elements of the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex, namely Sad-1/UNC-84 homology (SUN) and Klarsicht/ANC-1/Syne-1 homology (KASH) domain-containing proteins. Herein, we summarize the current state of the art on the cellular and subcellular distribution of NE proteins expressed during mammalian spermatogenesis, and discuss the latest research developments regarding their testis-specific functions. This review provides a comprehensive and innovative overview of the NE network as a regulatory platform and as an essential determinant of efficient meiotic chromosome recombination as well as spermiogenesis-associated nuclear remodelling and differentiation in mammalian male germline cells. Thus, this review provides important novel insights on the biological relevance of NE proteins for male fertility.

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Structural and functional adaptations of the mammalian nuclear envelope to meet the meiotic requirements

Cited by 21 publications

References 74 publications

Distinct Roles of Meiosis-Specific Cohesin Complexes in Mammalian Spermatogenesis

Distinct Roles of Meiosis-Specific Cohesin Complexes in Mammalian Spermatogenesis

Spatial organization of theSchizosaccharomyces pombegenome within the nucleus

Nuclear envelope dynamics during mammalian spermatogenesis: new insights on male fertility

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