Structural and evolutionary analysis of the two chimpanzee α-globin mRNAs

Liebhaber, Stephen A.; Begley, Kathi A.

doi:10.1093/nar/11.24.8915

Cited by 42 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…From this, one obtains a UEP of 62.5 million years for this rDNA fragment. This is a lower divergence rate and higher UEP than obtained for the human and chimpanzee duplicated a-globin genes, which is 0.45% and 11 million years, respectively (19). The divergence rate in the rDNA variable regions studied here is much higher: (i) Among human genes, the variable region is restricted to 33 bases (because at least two GGC repeats must be intact to allow unequal homologous recombination), so that the divergence rate is 3/66 = 0.45%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 49%

Variation among human 28S ribosomal RNA genes.

Gonzalez¹,

Gorski²,

Campen³

et al. 1985

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

269

117

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We report the complete 5025-base sequence of the human 28S rRNA gene. Variability within the species has been demonstrated by sequencing a variable region from six separately cloned genes. This region is one of three large subunit rRNA regions that show extreme sequence and size variation among species. The interspecies differences suggest species-specific functions for these sections, while the intraspecies heterogeneity indicates differences among ribosomes.Comparison of the human gene with a partial sequence from the chimpanzee 28S gene yields divergence rates for the two species: 0.8% for conserved regions of the gene and 3.7% for a variable region. The rapid divergence rates of variable regions in the ribosomal gene may permit answers to the question of time of separation of closely related species.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 49%

Variation among human 28S ribosomal RNA genes.

Gonzalez¹,

Gorski²,

Campen³

et al. 1985

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

269

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…aGlobin gene recombinants were identified by in situ hybridization (38) to nick-translated pMC18 insert probe, and DNA was isolated from 3mI overnight cultures of these colonies by an alkaline miniprep procedure (31). The a2-globin gene recombinants were differentiated from the alglobin gene recombinants by restriction analysis with Rsa I which is specific for the 3' nontranslated region ofthe al-globin gene (37). Plasmid DNA used for sequencing was isolated from 1-liter cultures by CsCI isopycnic centrifugation of clarified lysates (31).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular basis for nondeletion alpha-thalassemia in American blacks. Alpha 2(116GAG----UAG).

Liebhaber¹,

Coleman²,

Adams³

et al. 1987

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…15-50 ml of heparinized blood was obtained by venipuncture from each patient after obtaining informed consent. The blood was sedimented and washed three times in normal saline, and reticulocyte RNA was extracted from acid-precipitated polysomes as previously detailed (15 Si analysis ofa-globin mRNA. The method ofSI mapping the human a-globin mRNAs is a modification of the technique of Orkin and Goff ( 12).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compensatory increase in alpha 1-globin gene expression in individuals heterozygous for the alpha-thalassemia-2 deletion.

Liebhaber¹,

Cash²,

Main³

1985

J. Clin. Invest.

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a-Globin is encoded by the two adjacent genes, al and a2. Although it is clearly established that both a-globin genes are expressed, their relative contributions to a-globin messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein synthesis are not fully defined. Furthermore, changes that may occur in a-globin gene activity secondarily to the loss of function of one or more of these genes (a-thalassemia [Thall) have not been directly investigated. This study further defines the expression of the two human a-globin genes by determining the relative levels of al and a2 mRNA in the reticulocytes of normal individuals and in individuals heterozygous for the common 3.7-kilobase deletion within the a-globin gene cluster that removes the a2-globin gene (the rightward type aThal-2 deletion). To quantitate accurately the ratio of the two a-globin mRNAs, we have modified a previously reported S1 nuclease assay to include the use of 32P end-labeled probes isolated from al-and a2-globin complementary DNA recombinant plasmids. In individuals with a normal a-globin genotype (as determined by Southern blot analysis Iaa/aal), a2-globin mRNA is present at an average 2.8-fold excess to al. In individuals heterozygous for the rightward type a-Thal-2 deletion (-a/aa) the ct2/al mRNA ratio is 1:1. These results suggest that the loss of the a2-globin gene in the a-Thal-2 deletion is associated with a 1.8-fold compensatory increase al-globin gene expression.

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Structural and evolutionary analysis of the two chimpanzee α-globin mRNAs

Cited by 42 publications

References 31 publications

Variation among human 28S ribosomal RNA genes.

Variation among human 28S ribosomal RNA genes.

Molecular basis for nondeletion alpha-thalassemia in American blacks. Alpha 2(116GAG----UAG).

Compensatory increase in alpha 1-globin gene expression in individuals heterozygous for the alpha-thalassemia-2 deletion.

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