“…Drug–protein interaction analysis is central in clarifying protein functions, explaining drug action mechanisms and uncovering novel drug candidates (Guo, Heitman, & Ijzerman, ; Kumari, Eshan, & Arun, ; Hansen et al, ). A number of techniques have been successfully utilized to examine drug–protein interactions, including equilibrium dialysis‐related technology (Abbas, Ahmad, Shah, Gill, & Watson, ), capillary electrophoresis (Bao et al, ), ultraviolet–visible absorption spectrometry (Szczepek et al, ), X‐ray crystal diffraction (Xu, Shao, Xu, Jiang, & Yuan, ), circular dichroism (Fabini, Fiori, Tedesco, Lopes, & Bertucci, ), fluorescent spectrometry (Arroyo‐Maya, Campos‐Terán, Hernández‐Arana, & McClements, ; Li, Duan, et al, ), micro calorimetry (Abdallah, ), surface plasmon resonance (Simon, ; Stigter, Jong, & Bennekom, ), nuclear magnetic resonance (Wu et al, ) and chromatographic methods (Bi, Zheng, & Hage, ; Zheng, Bi, Brooks, & Hage, ; Zheng, Li, Podariu, & Hage, ). These approaches, however, have limitations of long performance times, requirements of protein with high concentration or purity, potential interfering substances from the sample and a need for relatively specialized equipment, especially in quantitative determination of drug–protein interactions where measurement of association constants, association and dissociation rate constants is routinely needed.…”