Structural Analysis of Gum from Acacia senegal (Gum Arabic)

Williams, Peter; Idris, O.H.M.; Phillips, Glyn O.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-4207-0_21

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…senegal (L.) Willdenow, or closely related species of Acacia (Leguminosae) such as A. polyacantha and A. seyal; it comes mainly from Sudan. When the duct of the inner bark of A. senegal is wounded during dry season, a sticky gummy substance appears and dries to form hard nodules in 3 -8 weeks [1]. The hand-picked nodules represent a valuable source for rural people in Sudan to cover carbohydrate consumption and to treat many diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Phytochemical, Larvicidal and Antimicrobial Activities of Gum Arabic Extract

Ali

Salih

Daffalla

2018

Walailak J Sci & Tech

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The Gum Arabic of Acacia senegal (GA) has been reported to treat several diseases, such as kidney failure and cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disease. However, scarce investigation has been made into the phytoconstituents of GA. Obtained GA was macerated in water, then GA aqueous extract was subjected to phytochemical analysis using standard protocols and bioactivity screening by different procedures. Antimicrobial screening was performed using the cup-plate diffusion method against four bacterial strains and one fungi strain. The larvicidal activity was evaluated against the third instar of Culex quinquefasciatus. The phytochemical analysis showed that GA extract contains high amounts of saponins and alkaloids, moderate amounts of cardiac glycosides, and trace amounts of tannins. GA extract exhibited antimicrobial activity against the test organisms, with different zones of inhibition ranging 0 - 18 mm. The larvicidal activity showed significant perfection with increasing extract dose and exposure period with mortality up to 86.7 %. Results reveal that the crude extract of GA contains important biomolecules which has been proved to have substantial larvicidal and antimicrobial activities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Phytochemical, Larvicidal and Antimicrobial Activities of Gum Arabic Extract

Ali

Salih

Daffalla

2018

Walailak J Sci & Tech

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“…Conversely, a large number of clinical data confirm that the consumption of dietary fibre protects against these diseases. In addition, according to strictly confirmed epidemiological data, clinical and research evidence on the physiology of dietary fibre intake improves gastrointestinal function, glucose homeostasis and serous exudate lipid content [22,23]. It has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties used in the treatment of various kidney, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases [24].…”

Section: What Is Gum Arabic?mentioning

confidence: 91%

Rationale and design of a clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of gum Arabic in patients with nephrolithiasis and renal cyst simultaneously

Dashtdar

Dashtdar²,

Taheri³

et al. 2021

Medical Research Journal

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The elderly group is one of the most heterogeneous and vulnerable groups of the population in developed countries with a greater risk of suffering from imbalances, deficiencies and nutritional problems. Diet and nutritional status have a great influence particularly on the prevention or treatment of various diseases that affect these groups. Long-term accumulation of waste in the body and age-related changes in metabolism create many problems that shorten their life expectancy. Their diet and gastrointestinal function play a key role in their Urine composition. It seems that the gastrointestinal microbiome has a great influence on the metabolization and absorption of the ingredients of the diet. In this clinical trial, the authors concluded that oral administration of gum arabic dissolved in orange juice could conceivably wash out the renal stones and eliminate renal cysts which in the long-term did not raise any safety concerns. The oral administration of gum arabic reduces kidney failure and slows its progression, which might be ascribed to their antioxidant and free radical-scavenging properties. Gum arabic could be considered as an important natural medicinal compound, actually a fascinating one because of its high therapeutic capabilities. Therefore, a prospective observational study has been designed and aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of treatment with gum arabic in patients with nephrolithiasis and renal cysts.

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“…Three major fractions of GA are arabinogalactan-protein complex (AGP), arabinogalactan (AG) and glycoprotein (GP) [25]. The AGP fraction has a molecular mass of several millions Daltons and contains about 10% proteins, which is regarded as an active component for emulsification [26,27]. Different modification methods such as radiation induced cross-linking [28] and maturation [26] have been used to enhance the ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of temperature and solvent condition on phase separation induced molecular fractionation of gum arabic/hyaluronan aqueous mixtures

Han

Gao

et al. 2018

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

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Effects of temperature and solvent condition on phase separation-induced molecular fractionation of gum arabic/hyaluronan (GA/HA) mixed solutions were investigated. Two gum arabic samples (EM10 and STD) with different molecular weights and polydispersity indices were used. Phase diagrams, including cloud and binodal curves, were established by visual observation and GPC-RI methods. The molecular parameters of control and fractionated GA, from upper and bottom phases, were measured by GPC-MALLS. Fractionation of GA increased the content of arabinogalactan-protein complex (AGP) from ca. 11% to 18% in STD/HA system and 28% to 55% in EM10/HA system. The phase separation-induced molecular fractionation was further studied as a function of temperature and solvent condition (varying ionic strength and ethanol content). Increasing salt concentration (from 0.5 to 5 mol/L) greatly reduced the extent of phase separation-induced fractionation. This effect may be ascribed to changes in the degree of ionization and shielding of the acid groups. Increasing temperature (from 4 °C to 80 °C) also exerted a significant influence on phase separation-induced fractionation. The best temperature for GA/HA mixture system was 40 °C while higher temperature negatively affected the fractionation due to denaturation and possibly degradation in mixed solutions. Increasing the ethanol content up to 30% showed almost no effect on the phase separation induced fractionation.

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Structural Analysis of Gum from Acacia senegal (Gum Arabic)

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

In vitro Phytochemical, Larvicidal and Antimicrobial Activities of Gum Arabic Extract

In vitro Phytochemical, Larvicidal and Antimicrobial Activities of Gum Arabic Extract

Rationale and design of a clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of gum Arabic in patients with nephrolithiasis and renal cyst simultaneously

Effects of temperature and solvent condition on phase separation induced molecular fractionation of gum arabic/hyaluronan aqueous mixtures

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