Structural Analysis of Articular Cartilage of the Hip Joint Using Finite Element Method

Abstract

The paper presents the results of a preliminary study on the structural analysis of the hip joint, taking into account changes in the mechanical properties of the articular cartilage of the joint. Studies have been made due to the need to determine the tension distribution occurring in the cartilage of the human hip. These distribution are the starting point for designing custom made human hip prosthesis. Basic anatomy, biomechanical analysis of the hip joint and articular cartilage are introduced. The mechanical analysis of the hip joint model is conducted. Final results of analysis are presented. Main conclusions of the study are: the capability of absorbing loads by articular cartilage of the hip joint is preliminary determined as decreasing with increasing degenerations of the cartilage and with age of a patient. Without further information on changes of cartilage's mechanical parameters in time it is hard to determine the nature of relation between mentioned capability and these parameters.

Influence of patient position and implant material on the stress distribution in an artificial intervertebral disc of the lumbar vertebrae

“…The basic shape of the bottom pad and polyethylene insert were designed. The insert's dimensions had to exactly match the size of the bottom pad, as these two elements are closely intertwined [5]. When assembled, these elements form an endoprosthesis.…”

“…It is reported in literature [1][2][3][4] that computer-aided methods (CAD) are necessary in biomechanics, so the applications of the finite element method (FEM) are constantly developed. Modern computer technology enables the development of increasingly advanced numerical models not only of the human spine [1], but also dentate prostheses [2], knee or hip joints [3,5], dentinal microtubules [4], which -combined with engineering and medical knowledge -provides an excellent basis for conducting biomedical research and analyses that ensure optimal choice of treatment or rehabilitation methods for the spine. Nowadays it is possible to simulate models of entire biomechanical systems and individual elements tailored to the needs of a particular patient.…”

“…Micro-computed tomography (CT) is useful in solving biomedical problems [5][6][7][8]. Based on images obtained from the CT scans of the human spine, it is possible to perform said personalised treatment in the area of intervertebral disc replacement.…”

Structural Analysis of the Pelvic Girdle Before and After Hip Replacement Procedure

“…It plays the crucial part in locomotion activities and carrying the loads [1,6,7,10]. The range of movements in the hip joint is shown on fig.…”

“…These movements are limited by strong ligaments and deep articular cavity. Thanks to the structure of bone tissue and cartilage along with strong muscles and ligaments, it is exquisitely suited for the purpose of transmission of dynamic loads [6,10].…”