Strontium isotopes in tap water from the coterminous USA

Chesson, Lesley A.; Tipple, Brett J.; Mackey, Glen N.; Hynek, Scott A.; Fernández, Diego P.; Ehleringer, James R.

doi:10.1890/es12-00122.1

Cited by 41 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…41 The results from the TVA spill confirmed that boron can be a sensitive indicator for metals leaching from CCRs, with boron content up to 1600 μg/L in downstream porewater in ash covered sediments, relative to the upstream and uncontaminated river water with boron of 6−9 μg/L (Figure 2). 9,29 Results from surface water at a site covered with spilled ash and limited water exchange (known henceforth as the Cove) 9,29 yielded low δ Sr variations in watersheds in the US 42,43 show that most of the southeastern, south, and central watersheds in the coterminous U.S. have a similar isotopic range that would mask the difference between CCR-impacted and naturally occurring background waters. Yet in other areas of the northeastern, northern, and western U.S., the isotopic ratios are either higher (e.g., northeastern U.S., Minnesota, southern Appalachian range) or lower (e.g., Southern Texas, Oregon) that would allow a clear distinction between CCRimpacted water and natural background.…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boron and Strontium Isotopic Characterization of Coal Combustion Residuals: Validation of New Environmental Tracers

Ruhl

Dwyer

Hsu‐Kim

et al. 2014

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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In the U.S., coal fired power plants produce over 136 million tons of coal combustion residuals (CCRs) annually. CCRs are enriched in toxic elements, and their leachates can have significant impacts on water quality. Here we report the boron and strontium isotopic ratios of leaching experiments on CCRs from a variety of coal sources (Appalachian, Illinois, and Powder River Basins). CCR leachates had a mostly negative δ11B, ranging from −17.6 to +6.3‰, and 87Sr/86Sr ranging from 0.70975 to 0.71251. Additionally, we utilized these isotopic ratios for tracing CCR contaminants in different environments: (1) the 2008 Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) coal ash spill affected waters; (2) CCR effluents from power plants in Tennessee and North Carolina; (3) lakes and rivers affected by CCR effluents in North Carolina; and (4) porewater extracted from sediments in lakes affected by CCRs. The boron isotopes measured in these environments had a distinctive negative δ11B signature relative to background waters. In contrast 87Sr/86Sr ratios in CCRs were not always exclusively different from background, limiting their use as a CCR tracer. This investigation demonstrates the validity of the combined geochemical and isotopic approach as a unique and practical identification method for delineating and evaluating the environmental impact of CCRs.

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Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boron and Strontium Isotopic Characterization of Coal Combustion Residuals: Validation of New Environmental Tracers

Ruhl

Dwyer

Hsu‐Kim

et al. 2014

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Moreover, emerging applications for stable isotope fractionation of metals, such as Ca, in medicine are poised to dramatically alter the eld. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Moreover, emerging applications for stable isotope fractionation of metals, such as Ca, in medicine are poised to dramatically alter the eld.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully automated chromatographic purification of Sr and Ca for isotopic analysis

Romaniello

Field

Smith

et al. 2015

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

101

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We present a commercially-available, fully-automated, offline chromatography method capable of simultaneously purifying both Ca and Sr for stable and radiogenic isotope analysis. The method features effective purification and mutual separation of Ca and Sr from complex matrixes using a single, highlyreusable chromatographic column. Low carryover combined with high yield for multiple extractions indicates the column can be reused for at least 200 samples. Accurate and precise stable and radiogenic isotope data are presented for BCR-2 basalt, NIST-1400 bone ash, IAPSO seawater, and an in-house llama bone standard (CUE-0001). The Sr-Ca method was designed to accommodate a wide variety of sample types, including carbonates, bones, and teeth; silicate rocks and sediments; fresh and marine waters; and biological samples such as blood and urine. The system is highly adaptable and capable of processing up to 60 samples per run at a rate of 32 samples per day on a single chromatographic column during unattended operation.

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“…There are two general baseline-development approaches in use: i) detailed sampling campaigns aimed at characterizing all potential sources of Sr (Hodell et al, 2004;Barnett-Johnson et al, 2008;Walther et al, 2008;Frei and Frei, 2011;Chesson et al, 2012;Muhlfeld et al, 2012) and ii) modeling approaches (Beard and Johnson, 2000;Bataille and Bowen, 2012;Bataille et al, 2013). Large-scale sampling campaigns are expensive and inherently incomplete, especially in vast remote regions, such as Alaska (AK), USA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%