Strongyloidiasis: Really a Zoonosis?

Streit, Adrian

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-53230-7_10

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…In humans, most infections with S. stercoralis are mild, but the infection can lead to complicated strongyloidiasis under certain conditions (e.g. immunosuppression) [68]. While uncomplicated disease is manifested by gastrointestinal, pulmonary and dermatological symptoms, infection in immunosuppressed patients can lead to severe systemic disease known as disseminated strongyloidiasis, with possible fatal consequences [69].…”

Section: Pathogenicity Of Strongyloides For Non-human Primatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The range of occurrence is based on several publications in dogs [91,92], supplemented with information from other studies about Strongyloides in dogs. There is an ongoing debate about whether the Strongyloides lineage B should be separated as a different species [68], considering S. canis , which was already proposed by Brumpt [93]. …”

Section: Strongyloides Distribution Based On the Literature And Seque...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…immunosuppression) [68]. While uncomplicated disease is manifested by gastrointestinal, pulmonary and dermatological symptoms, infection in immunosuppressed patients can lead to severe systemic disease known as disseminated strongyloidiasis, with possible fatal consequences [69].…”

Section: Pathogenicity Of Strongyloides For Non-human Primatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strongyloides in non-human primates: significance for public health control

Nosková,

Sambucci,

Petrželková

et al. 2023

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Primates are an important source of infectious disease in humans. Strongyloidiasis affects an estimated 600 million people worldwide, with a global distribution and hotspots of infection in tropical and subtropical regions. Recently added to the list of neglected tropical diseases, global attention has been demanded in the drive for its control. Through a literature review of Strongyloides in humans and non-human primates (NHP), we analysed the most common identification methods and gaps in knowledge about this nematode genus. The rise of molecular-based methods for Strongyloides detection is evident in both humans and NHP and provides an opportunity to analyse all data available from primates. Dogs were also included as an important host species of Strongyloides and a potential bridge host between humans and NHP. This review highlights the lack of molecular data across all hosts—humans, NHP and dogs—with the latter highly underrepresented in the database. Despite the cosmopolitan nature of Strongyloides , there are still large gaps in our knowledge for certain species when considering transmission and pathogenicity. We suggest that a unified approach to Strongyloides detection be taken, with an optimized, repeatable molecular-based method to improve our understanding of this parasitic infection. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘ Strongyloides : omics to worm-free populations’.

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Section: Pathogenicity Of Strongyloides For Non-human Primatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Strongyloides Distribution Based On the Literature And Seque...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strongyloides in non-human primates: significance for public health control

Nosková,

Sambucci,

Petrželková

et al. 2023

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…Strongyloides spp. infections in both dogs and humans are often asymptomatic but can become fatal together with chronic comorbidities (Streit, 2021 ). Toxocara canis is estimated to infect >100 million dogs worldwide (Rostami et al ., 2020 ), with majority of puppies becoming infected through vertical transmission (Schwartz et al ., 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic helminths of dogs and risk factors associated with polyparasitism in Grenada, West Indies

et al. 2023

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Canine soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) cause important zoonoses in the tropics, with varying degrees of intensity of infection in humans and dogs. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors for STHs in community dogs residing in Grenada, West Indies. In May 2021, 232 canine fecal samples were examined for zoonotic helminths by microscopy (following flotation), and genomic DNA from a subset of 211 of these samples were subjected to multiplex qPCR for the detection and specific identification of hookworms, Toxocara spp. and Strongyloides. Microscopic examination revealed that 46.5% (108/232, 95% CI 40–52.9), 9% (21/232, 95% CI 5.35–12.7) and 5.2% (12/232, 95% CI 2.3–8) of the samples contained eggs of Ancylostoma spp., Toxocara spp. and Trichuris vulpis, respectively. Multiplex qPCR revealed that, 42.2% (89/211, 95% CI 35.5–48.8) were positive for at least 1 zoonotic parasite. Of these, 40.8% (86/211, 95% CI 34.1–47.3) of samples tested positive for Ancylostoma spp., 36% (76/211, 95% CI 29.5–42.9) were positive for A. caninum, 13.3% (28/211, 95% CI 9–18.6) for A. ceylanicum, 5.7% for T. canis (12/211, 95% CI 2.97–8.81) and 1% (2/211, 95% CI 0–2.26) for Strongyloides spp. (identified as S. stercoralis and S. papillosus by conventional PCR-based Sanger sequencing). Using a multiple logistic regression model, a low body score and free-roaming behaviour were significant predictors of test-positivity for these parasitic nematodes in dogs (P < 0.05). Further studies of zoonotic STHs in humans should help elucidate the public health relevance of these parasites in Grenada.

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“…Strongyloides stercoralis is a nematode with worldwide geographical distribution, more frequent in tropical zones, especially prevalent in areas with poor sanitary conditions. The disease caused by Strongyloides stercoralis is known as strongyloidiasis, and was first described by the French physician Louis Normand in the year 1876, when he observed the nematode in the fecal material of soldiers returning from Cochinchina, a region where Vietnam is present, naming the discovered parasite as Anguillula stercoralis (STREIT, 2021;RIVERA et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroid therapy in COVID-19 as a triggering factor for Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection

Norberg,

Manhães

et al. 2023

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Strongyloides stercoralis is a nematode with worldwide geographical distribution, most frequent in tropical areas, especially prevalent in areas with poor sanitary conditions. The disease caused by S. stercoralis is known as strongyloidiasis and parasitism is usually asymptomatic. Infection by this nematode may, however, present severe symptoms in hosts with immune system deficiencies. The aim of this research is to investigate, through a review of current scientific literature, the treatment of severe COVID-19 with immunosuppressants as a triggering factor for Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection. There are scarce records in the scientific literature on Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection consequent to treatment of COVID-19 with steroid drugs, mainly in endemic areas. We believe that this complication may be highly underestimated. The finding of eosinophilia in the blood count of patients after receiving immunosuppressive therapy during COVID-19 corticoid treatment is an important marker for the possibility of Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection and should prompt laboratory studies for nematode screening, mainly serology and PCR.

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Strongyloidiasis: Really a Zoonosis?

Cited by 4 publications

References 109 publications

Strongyloides in non-human primates: significance for public health control

Strongyloides in non-human primates: significance for public health control

Zoonotic helminths of dogs and risk factors associated with polyparasitism in Grenada, West Indies

Steroid therapy in COVID-19 as a triggering factor for Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection

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