Strongyloidiasis

Koczka, Charles; Hindy, Pierre; Goodman, Adam; Gress, Frank G.

doi:10.1097/meg.0b013e3283543ea0

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Gastrointestinal (nausea and diarrhea) and cutaneous (itchiness and urticaria) symptoms are frequently described. However, more than 50% of strongyloidiasis cases are asymptomatic [18,19,31,32]. In our study, we observed that muscle pain and urticaria reported during the preceding two weeks were associated with S. stercoralis infection; a finding that coincides with recent reports from the Northern province of Cambodia [18].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence and risk factors of Strongyloides stercoralis in Takeo Province, Cambodia

et al. 2014

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BackgroundThe threadworm Strongyloides stercoralis, the most neglected helminth, affects an estimated 30-100 million people worldwide. Information on S. stercoralis infection is scarce in tropical and sub-tropical resource poor countries, including Cambodia. We determined S. stercoralis infection prevalence and risk factors for infection in the general population in Southern Cambodia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out between January and April 2011 among 2,861 participants living in 60 villages of Takeo province, using Koga-agar plate culture, the Baermann technique and the Kato-Katz technique on a single stool sample.ResultsEight intestinal helminth species were diagnosed. Hookworm (31.4%) and S. stercoralis (21.0%) occurred most frequently. Prevalence of S. stercoralis infection increased with age. In all age groups a higher prevalence was found among males than among females (OR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.4 – 2.0; P < 0.001). Participants who had a latrine at home were significantly less frequently infected with S. stercoralis than those who did not (OR: 0.7; 95% CI: 0.4 – 0.8; P = 0.003). Muscle pain (OR: 1.3; 95% CI: 1.0 – 1.6; P = 0.028) and urticaria (OR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.1 – 1.8; P = 0.001) were significantly associated with S. stercoralis infection.ConclusionsS. stercoralis is highly prevalent among the general Cambodian population and should no longer be neglected. Access to adequate diagnosis and treatment is urgently needed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Prevalence and risk factors of Strongyloides stercoralis in Takeo Province, Cambodia

et al. 2014

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“…S. stercolaris is a human parasite that is endemic in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions like Southeastern USA, South Asia, Latin America, and sub-Saharan Africa [2-6]. The incidence of strongyloidiasis is increasing in many developing countries and it is facilitated by international travel and immigration [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strongyloides stercoralis with Gastroduodenal Involvement and Complicated with SIADH: An Unusual Diagnosis to Consider in Immunosuppressed Patients with Hyperemesis and Eosinophilia

Alcázar

Robles

Hidalgo

et al. 2021

GE Port J Gastroenterol

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Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode that colonizes and reproduces in the upper small intestinal mucosa. Infection in immunocompetent hosts is self-limited but in immunocompromised patients it can be complicated and cause hyperinfection. We present a 60-year-old female who was admitted due to an exacerbation of acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura requiring high doses of corticosteroids. The patient began to experience persistent pyrosis, nausea, vomiting, and oral intolerance. She was diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Upper endoscopy was performed and showed esophageal, gastric, and duodenal mucosa with edema and erythema. Moreover, there were superficial erosions and thickened folds in duodenum. Gastric and duodenal biopsies were taken. Abdominal computed tomography and magnetic enteroresonance displayed duodenal dilation and inflammatory changes. The histological study of biopsies showed colonization by S. stercolaris in the antrum and duodenum. S. stercolaris is a human parasite that is endemic in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions. Its lifecycle is complex because it completes its entire cycle within the human host; it penetrates the skin, migrates to the lungs, and reach the gastrointestinal tract. The most affected site is the duodenum and upper jejunum. The lifecycle includes autoinfection through the intestinal mucosa or perianal skin, especially in immunocompromised hosts. Immunossuppression can lead to hyperinfection syndrome and disseminated disease. However, involvement of the stomach has relatively rarely been reported. SIADH has been related to systemic hyperinfection, although the mechanism is not clear. The relatively nonspecific clinical and imaging features and the low sensitivity of routine parasite tests make the diagnosis challenging and delayed.

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“…It does so by decreasing interleukin production and immunoglobulin E (IgE), as well as reducing the expansion of regulatory T-cell populations. Hyperinfection then ensues [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strongyloides Hyperinfection Presenting as a Gastric Outlet Obstruction

Yazdanpanah¹,

Saba²,

Rahmani³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Strongyloides is a unique nematode in its ability to cause a secondary hyperinfection and disseminated disease several years following initial contact. The prevalence of Strongyloides infection has been rising; it is currently considered a global disease, which presents with a broad spectrum of clinical signs and symptoms among patients. This case report focuses on a 67-year-old Caribbean female presenting with severe weight loss, vomiting, early satiety, and mild anemia who was subsequently diagnosed with strongyloidiasis on the basis of a duodenal biopsy pathology report obtained via esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD).

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Strongyloidiasis

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Prevalence and risk factors of Strongyloides stercoralis in Takeo Province, Cambodia

Prevalence and risk factors of Strongyloides stercoralis in Takeo Province, Cambodia

<b><i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i></b> with Gastroduodenal Involvement and Complicated with SIADH: An Unusual Diagnosis to Consider in Immunosuppressed Patients with Hyperemesis and Eosinophilia

Strongyloides Hyperinfection Presenting as a Gastric Outlet Obstruction

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