Strongly correlated quantum fluids: ultracold quantum gases, quantum chromodynamic plasmas and holographic duality

Abstract

Strongly correlated quantum fluids are phases of matter that are intrinsically quantum mechanical, and that do not have a simple description in terms of weakly interacting quasi-particles. Two systems that have recently attracted a great deal of interest are the quark-gluon plasma, a plasma of strongly interacting quarks and gluons produced in relativistic heavy ion collisions, and ultracold atomic Fermi gases, very dilute clouds of atomic gases confined in optical or magnetic traps. These systems differ by more than 20 orders of magnitude in temperature, but they were shown to exhibit very similar hydrodynamic flow. In particular, both fluids exhibit a robustly low shear viscosity to entropy density ratio which is characteristic of quantum fluids described by holographic duality, a mapping from strongly correlated quantum field theories to weakly curved higher dimensional classical gravity. This review explores the connection between these fields,

Multiscale confining dynamics from holographic RG flows

“…temperature [21,22] and/or finite chemical potential [19,23], the construction of new models of electroweak symmetry breaking [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41], and the description of some strongly-coupled systems of interest for the condensed matter [42][43][44] and cosmology [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] communities.…”

“…By expanding the potential to quadratic order in φ one finds that 44) which means that the field φ is dual to an operator of dimensions…”

Temperature dependent transport coefficients in a dynamical holographic QCD model

“…Recently, the JHEP06(2015)046 Figure 1. Schematic plots of the correspondence between d-dimension QFT and d + 1-dimension gravity as shown in [83] (Left-handed side). Dynamical holographic QCD model resembles RG from UV to IR (Right-handed side): at UV boundary the dilaton bulk field Φ(z) and scalar field X(z) are dual to the dimension-4 gluon operator T r G 2 and dimension-3 quark-antiquark operator qq , which develop condensates at infrared regime.…”

Charge transport by holographic Fermi surfaces

“…Consider a d-dimensional conformal field theory (CFT) with a global Uð1Þ symmetry that has an AdS gravity dual (for reviews of applied holography see e.g. [19][20][21][22]). Examples of such theories include the N ¼ 4 super-Yang-Mills theory in d ¼ 4, maximally superconformal gauge theory in d ¼ 3 [23][24][25], and many others with less supersymmetry.…”

“…The new spin connections are given by 22 Note that the sign of the second term in k depends on which component of the spinor we are looking at. Here the sign is for the first component.…”