Strongly Acidic Auxin Indole-3-Methanesulfonic Acid

Cohen, Jerry D.; Baldi, Bruce G.; Białek, Krystyna

doi:10.1104/pp.77.1.195

Cited by 11 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…This limited systemicity has been ascribed to strong partitioning of the compounds onto plant tissue (21). It is also possible that rapid phytotoxicity at the site of application limits movement.Strong acids such as sulfonic acids may also move through phloem(13,40). No current herbicides possess such a group, though the phloem-mobile indole-3-methanesulfonic acid does possess considerable auxin activity (13).…”

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Physicochemical Aspects of Phloem Translocation of Herbicides

1990

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A physicochemical approach to understanding phloem transport of xenobiotics requires that similarities in transport processes in different plant species far outweigh any differences. There is now evidence that this is so, though additional factors such as rate of cuticular penetration, metabolism, and phytotoxicity may differ among plant species and thus may influence distribution patterns. Most herbicides that are translocated in phloem are weak acids, and their transport behavior can now be explained, at least in part, in terms of accumulation and retention in phloem. These processes can, in turn, be explained reasonably well by considering the polarity and acid strength of each compound. Specific carrier processes do not appear to be involved in the transport of most phloem-mobile herbicides. Phloem transport of herbicides has been assessed using the castor bean plant. For acids of pKa <4, intermediate lipophilicity is required for good phloem transport, while weaker acids of pKa >5 and nonionized compounds need to be more polar in order to move well.

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Physicochemical Aspects of Phloem Translocation of Herbicides

1990

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Auxins (Indole Auxins)

Magnus

Kojić‐Prodić

2002

Encyclopedia of Agrochemicals

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The best‐known phytohormones from the auxin family contain the indole ring system substituted at its 3‐position with a short aliphatic side chain ending in a free carboxyl group. Their most common endogenous representative is indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA). A variety of its ring‐ and side‐chain substituted derivatives have been prepared by chemical means. Indole auxins are universally required for organized growth at the cellular, tissue, and whole‐plant levels; they are widely used in plant tissue culture and for the rooting of cuttings. Native auxins are now mostly analyzed by methods based on mass spectroscopy. Plants synthesize indole auxins by pathways which may, or may not, include the amino acid, tryptophan. When the hormones become temporarily or permanently dispensable, they are conjugated with amino acids, sugars, or myo‐ inositol and metabolized by oxidation and/or decarboxylation. Auxin perception and signal transduction appear to include soluble ′auxin‐binding proteins′ and auxin‐responsive gene expression, but there are many missing links. A wealth of information on the topology of the active site of the, so far putative, auxin receptor(s) may, however, be deduced from the molecular structures of a large series of synthetic compounds with auxin activity, which have been studied by X‐ray crystallography and computational methods.

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Auxin‐binding proteins and their possible roles in auxin‐mediated plant cell growth

Jones

Prasad

1992

BioEssays

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Like several other classes of hormones, the class of plant hormones called auxins exert myriad effects on cell development. While auxins are most noted for inducing cell elongation, they are also involved in cell division, cell differentiation, cell and organ polarity, and wound responsiveness. Consistent with this pleiotropy, is the recent identification of several putative auxin receptors that in theory could represent the primary elements of more than one auxin signal pathway leading to distinct responses or leading in parallel to a single response. Our current working hypothesis is that some auxin-mediated responses may be mediated by multiple receptors. We describe some of what is known about each of the new putative receptors and elaborate on the hypothesis using the example of cell elongation. Specifically for auxininduced elongation, we propose that two rapid events, specific gene transcription and cell wall acidification, are separately mediated by at least two receptors, acting in the nucleus and at the plasma membrane, respectively.

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Strongly Acidic Auxin Indole-3-Methanesulfonic Acid

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Physicochemical Aspects of Phloem Translocation of Herbicides

Physicochemical Aspects of Phloem Translocation of Herbicides

Auxins (Indole Auxins)

Auxin‐binding proteins and their possible roles in auxin‐mediated plant cell growth

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