Strong Responsivity Enhancement of Quantum Dot‐in‐a‐Well Infrared Photodetectors Using Plasmonic Structures

Abstract

Detector responsivity enhancement from integrating optimized plasmonic structure layers into quantum dot-in-a-well photodetectors is investigated by a finite integration technique-based simulation. It is found that by including a 0.1 µm thick gold hole-array layer onto a backside illuminated photodetector, the peak detector responsivity is enhanced by nearly a factor of 8. A 0.2 µm thick gold disk-array layer improves the peak responsivity by around 15 instead. The calculated enhancement factors show a good agreement with experimental data by Gu et al. [1] and Lee et al. [2] Simulation method and analytical analysis accomplished in this paper provide a generalized approach to design optimal plasmonic structures integrated to various infrared detecting device configurations.high-temperature operation), [3][4][5] with those of quantum well detectors (better sensitivity and control over operating wavelength), and DWELL detectors are approaching MCTs in terms of responsivity and specificdetectivity [6,7] (although DWELL detectors still exhibit worse performance than MCTs).DWELL detector performance can be enhanced by surface plasmons (SPs) caused by the inclusion of a sub-wavelength metallic hole array (SP polaritons: SPPs) or subwavelength metallic nanoparticles (localized SPs: LSPs). [8][9][10][11][12] SPPs are the collective oscillations of electron plasma in the metallic structure, for example, a metallic hole array, excited by electromagnetic (EM) radiation, [13][14][15][16] which can concentrate light at a subwavelength scale beyond the diffraction limit, thereby significantly enhancing the EM field. LSPs confine SPs in the vicinity of sub-wavelength resonators, for example, metallic disks, which also can significantly enhance the EM field near the surface of the resonators, [17] thereby improving the performance of the photodetectors. [18][19][20]

Highly Sensitive and Cost‐Effective Polymeric‐Sulfur‐Based Mid‐Wavelength Infrared Linear Polarizers with Tailored Fabry–Pérot Resonance

“…Drude model was used for Au permittivity, which is given by ε Au = 1 − ω p 2 ⁄ω(ω + iω c ), with the plasma frequency ω p = 1.38 × 10 16 Hz and collision frequency ω c = 5.71 × 10 13 Hz. [ 38 ]…”

“…Drude model was used for Au permittivity, which is given by ε Au = 1 − ω p 2 ⁄ω(ω + iω c ), with the plasma frequency ω p = 1.38 × 10 16 Hz and collision frequency ω c = 5.71 × 10 13 Hz. [38] Figure 1 shows the simulated TM transmission (T TM ), TE transmission (T TE ), and extinction ratio (ER) for spacer thickness, grating height, and duty cycle in the SM-polarizer at a pitch of 400 nm and Au thickness of 100 nm. As shown in Figure 1a, the T TM spectra of the SM-polarizer are plotted as a function of the wavelength and spacer thickness (t d ) for w = 0.2 µm and t g = 0.2 µm.…”

High‐Speed Photodetectors on Silicon Photonics Platform for Optical Interconnect

“…The photontrapping structure shown in Section 3.6.2 is a good example of using new mechanism in PD, which combines the advantages of photonics crystal formed slow light and typical PIN PD. [247] There are also some interesting simulation results in this area, [255,256] which can be used as a starting point to further improve the performance of high speed PDs on silicon photonics platform.…”

Replicable Quasi-Three-Dimensional Plasmonic Nanoantennas for Infrared Bandpass Filtering

“…The refractive index of Si was taken as n Si = 3.42 . The Au was defined by the Drude model with the plasma frequency of w p = 1.38 × 10 16 Hz and the collision frequency of w c = 5.71 × 1013 Hz . The values of the real and imaginary parts of the permittivity in SU-8 and PMMA were used from the literatures. , …”