Here,
we develop a new method to improve the surface-enhanced Raman
spectroscopy (SERS) activity of ZnO using Mg doping combined with
noble metals. Highly aligned silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) decorated
on an array of Mg-doped ZnO (MZO@Ag) were fabricated. Using rhodamine
6G as the probe molecule, SERS indicated that the MZO@Ag substrate
possesses perfect sensitivity, homogeneity, and chemical stability.
The enhancement mechanism of this substrate was analyzed in detail,
and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations were used to
examine “hot spot” distribution which generated gaps
between the balls, the rods, and the stems. FDTD simulation calculated
(E/E
0)4 to
be 2.5 × 106. Furthermore, the prepared substrates
could degrade the target molecules in situ irradiated by visible light
irradiation over the course of 40 min and then efficiently recover
detectability through a recycling process. Our substrates were easy
to fabricate, self-cleaning, and reusable. They are expected to provide
new opportunities for the use of SERS in biological sensors, biomedical
diagnostics, and food safety.