Strong Prediction of Fractures Among Older Adults by the Ratio of Carboxylated to Total Serum Osteocalcin

Luukinen, Heikki; Käkönen, Sanna-Maria; Pettersson, Kim; Koski, K; Laippala, Pékka; Lövgren, Timo; Kivelä, Sirkka‐Liisa; Väänänen, H. Kalervo

doi:10.1359/jbmr.2000.15.12.2473

Cited by 177 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In a study of elderly men in northern Finland, a decrease in the ratio of carboxylated serum osteocalcin (s-OC) to total s-OC was associated with increased risk of subsequent fractures. (38) In the present study, s-OC was correlated to serum adiponectin in a univariate setting and was no longer significantly correlated in a multivariate setting. The work presented in this article has a number of strengths and weaknesses.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

High serum adiponectin predicts incident fractures in elderly men: Osteoporotic fractures in men (MrOS) Sweden

Johansson

Odén

Lerner

et al. 2012

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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Adipocytes and osteoblasts share a common progenitor, and there is, therefore, potential for both autocrine and endocrine effects of adiponectin on skeletal metabolism. The aim of the present study was to determine whether high serum adiponectin was associated with an increased risk of fracture in elderly men. We studied the relationship between serum adiponectin and the risk of fracture in 999 elderly men drawn from the general population and recruited to the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study in Gothenburg, Sweden. Baseline data included general health questionnaires, lifestyle questionnaires, body mass index (BMI), bone mineral density (BMD), serum adiponectin, osteocalcin, and leptin. Men were followed for up to 7.4 years (average, 5.2 years). Poisson regression was used to investigate the relationship between serum adiponectin, other risk variables and the time-to-event hazard function of fracture. Median levels of serum adiponectin at baseline were 10.4 mg/mL (interquartile range, 7.7-14.3). During follow-up, 150 men sustained one or more fractures. The risk of fracture increased in parallel with increasing serum adiponectin (hazard ratio [HR]/SD, 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23-1.72) and persisted after multivariate-adjusted analysis (HR/SD, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.09-1.55). Serum adiponectin shows graded stepwise association with a significant excess risk of fracture in elderly men that was independent of several other risk factors for fracture. Its measurement holds promise as a risk factor for fracture in men. ß

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

High serum adiponectin predicts incident fractures in elderly men: Osteoporotic fractures in men (MrOS) Sweden

Johansson

Odén

Lerner

et al. 2012

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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“…ucOC is a sensitive functional marker for vitamin K status [8]. Elevated concentrations of ucOC are associated with vitamin K deficiency and an increased risk of hip fractures [5,13,14,35,36]. Supplementation with vitamin K 2 promotes a decrease in ucOC, suggesting that vitamin K 2 contributes to OC carboxylation [9,37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioavailability and Chemical/Functional Aspects of Synthetic MK-7 vs Fermentation-Derived MK-7 in Randomised Controlled Trials

Møller

Gjelstad

Baksaas³

et al. 2017

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research

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Abstract:We investigated the bioavailability of a synthetic form of the vitamin K 2 molecule menaquinone-7 (MK-7) in a randomised single-blinded two-way cross-over study. Healthy subjects (20 -66 years of age) took a single 180 µg dose of synthetic MK-7 or fermentation-derived MK-7, and serum MK-7 concentrations were monitored for 72 hours to calculate AUC(0 -72 h) and C max . We also compared the biological effects of placebo, fermentation-derived MK-7 (90 µg) and 3 doses of synthetic MK-7 (45, 90 and 180 µg) in a randomised double-blinded parallel study. Healthy subjects (20 -60 years of age) took one of the supplements daily for 43 days, and the fraction of carboxylated osteocalcin (OC) was compared between day 1 and day 43 as a marker for vitamin K activity. In the bioavailability study, the 90 % confidence interval for the ratio of the AUC(0-72 h) values for synthetic and fermentationderived MK-7 was 83 -111, indicating bioequivalence. The 90 % confidence interval for the Cmax ratio was 83 -131. The serum concentrations of carboxylated OC and undercarboxylated OC were increased (p = 0.01) and reduced (p = 0.02), respectively, after daily intake of 180 µg of synthetic MK-7 for 43 days, indicating increased vitamin K activity. Across both studies, only 1 participant reported an adverse event (dry mouth; 180 µg synthetic MK-7 group, functional study) that was considered possibly related to synthetic MK-7 supplementation. Our findings provide evidence that the tested synthetic form of MK-7 is bioequivalent to fermentation-derived MK-7, exhibits vitamin K activity and is well tolerated in healthy subjects.

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“…The daily requirement for vitamin K is fulfilled by dietary phylloquinone, present in plants and to an undetermined extent, by bacterially produced vitamin K 2 ( 92) . Vitamin K is important for blood clotting, bone and vascular health and deficiencies have been associated with low bone mineral density (96,97) , increased risk of fracture (98,99) and CVD (100) . Vitamin B 12 is a type of cobalt corrinoid, particularly of the cobalamin group and is solely synthesised by some bacteria and archea.…”

Section: Vitamin Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota, the pharmabiotics they produce and host health

et al. 2014

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A healthy gut microbiota plays many crucial functions in the host, being involved in the correct development and functioning of the immune system, assisting in the digestion of certain foods and in the production of health-beneficial bioactive metabolites or ‘pharmabiotics’. These include bioactive lipids (including SCFA and conjugated linoleic acid) antimicrobials and exopolysaccharides in addition to nutrients, including vitamins B and K. Alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota and reductions in microbial diversity are highlighted in many disease states, possibly rendering the host susceptible to infection and consequently negatively affecting innate immune function. Evidence is also emerging of microbially produced molecules with neuroactive functions that can have influences across the brain–gut axis. For example, γ-aminobutyric acid, serotonin, catecholamines and acetylcholine may modulate neural signalling within the enteric nervous system, when released in the intestinal lumen and consequently signal brain function and behaviour. Dietary supplementation with probiotics and prebiotics are the most widely used dietary adjuncts to modulate the gut microbiota. Furthermore, evidence is emerging of the interactions between administered microbes and dietary substrates, leading to the production of pharmabiotics, which may directly or indirectly positively influence human health.

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Strong Prediction of Fractures Among Older Adults by the Ratio of Carboxylated to Total Serum Osteocalcin

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 177 publications

References 31 publications

High serum adiponectin predicts incident fractures in elderly men: Osteoporotic fractures in men (MrOS) Sweden

High serum adiponectin predicts incident fractures in elderly men: Osteoporotic fractures in men (MrOS) Sweden

Bioavailability and Chemical/Functional Aspects of Synthetic MK-7 vs Fermentation-Derived MK-7 in Randomised Controlled Trials

Gut microbiota, the pharmabiotics they produce and host health

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